Evolution of intraspecific cooperation and aggression in animals.

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This cooperative research was the first case of cooperation between field dcologists working on various animal groups (mites, insets, fishes, birds, mammals including primates) and mathematical biologists to clarify the evolution of intraspecific cooperation and aggression (including intraspecific killing). one of typical case of this cooperative study is a joint work by Yamamura, Hasegawa and Ito to know why primate mothers do not resist infanticide by males. From comparative analyses of infanticide behavior and mathematical modeling, it was shown that risk of resistance is the major factor which suppress mothers' resistance against infanticide. For mites and insects, new views on evolution of social behavior (parental care and cooperative nest foundation) have been developed with aids of mathematical biologists. Through discussions by ornithologists and entomologists, a view which stresses importance of mutualistic aggregation on the evolution of communal breeding has been developed. A book will be published by attendants of this research project during 1990.