权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Evolutionary ecology and molecular phylogenetic analysis of interactions between closely related species

密切相关物种之间相互作用的进化生态学和分子系统发育分析

基本信息

批准号：
09640748
负责人：
SOTA Teiji
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY (1998)Shinshu University (1997)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study focused on interspecific interactions between the carabidbeetles of the subgenus Ohomopterus (genus Carabus, Carabidae, Coleoptera), which is endemic to Japan and consists of 15 species. In Ohomopterus, there are hybrid zones between parapatric species, especially of Insulicola species group and Yaconinus species group. I analyzedinterspecific hybridization between Carabus iwawakianus and C.maiyasanus, andbetweenC.insulicola andC.arrowianus nakamurai in the laboratory. These pairs differedin the difference in genital characters which affects the cost of interspecific mating. The genital characterswere much different between C.iwawakianus and C.maiyasanus, and the cost at interspecific mating was large enough to maintain theirparapatricdistribution. BetweenC.insulicola andC.a. nakamurai which hada small differencein genital characters, the cost at interspecific mating was small, In the field, hybrid populations were established at intermediate zones of the two species. Thus, interspecific interactions at secondary contacts may contribute both divergence and reticulate speciation in the carabid beetles, depending on the interspecific difference at the contacts. I also studied molecular phylogeny of Ohomopterus by using two mitochondrial genes and five nuclear genes. The results of molecular phylogenetic analysis suggests that hybridizations oftenresultedin introgression of mitochondria, which producedincongruencepatterns between mitochondrial lineage and morphological species. I investigated mitochondrial polymorphisms in four species in central and eastern Honshu, and detecteddirectional introgressions among these species, with evidences for natural hybridizations of corresponding species. This study demonstrated the significance of reticulate events in the evolution of carabid beetles.

本文研究了日本特有的15种步甲，即同翅步甲亚属（步甲属，步甲科，鞘翅目）的步甲种间相互作用。在同翅目中，近缘种间存在杂交带，尤以Insulicola种群和Yaconinus种群间的杂交带最为明显。在实验室条件下，对岩纹步甲与米屋步甲、岛生步甲与中村步甲的种间杂交进行了分析。这两对个体在生殖器性状上存在差异，而生殖器性状的差异又影响种间交配的代价。岩泽锦鸡儿和大屋锦鸡儿的生殖器特征差异较大，种间交配的代价较大，足以维持其近界分布。在C.insulicola和C.a. nakamurai的生殖器性状差异较小，种间交配成本较小，在田间可在两种的中间地带建立杂种群体。因此，种间的相互作用，在次级接触可能有助于在步甲的分歧和网状物种形成，这取决于种间差异的接触。利用两个线粒体基因和五个核基因对同翅目昆虫的分子遗传学进行了研究。分子系统发育分析结果表明，杂交往往导致线粒体的渐渗，从而造成线粒体谱系与形态种之间的不一致。我调查了本州中部和东部的四个物种的线粒体多态性，并检测到这些物种之间的定向渐渗，与相应物种的自然杂交的证据。本研究揭示了网纹事件在步甲进化中的重要意义。