Development of a Wet Shape Separator for Fine Particles

1 ． 导言：在功能材料的发展中，已经揭示了组成颗粒的形状是影响物质质量的最重要因素之一。因此，应该对产品中形状理想的颗粒进行物理分类和回收，以便尽可能有效地初步使用。为了分离不同形状的细颗粒，研制了一种新型连续式湿式分离机，并对其分离性能进行了测试，测试对象为粒径在50 ~ 250 μ m之间的不同形状的二元固体混合物。2 ． 研制湿式分离器：将球形和非球形颗粒同时送入填充表面活性剂的稀水溶液的分离器中缓慢旋转的锥形圆盘上，并在圆盘下的取样器中回收。颗粒在分离器中的形状分离机理是基于球形和非球形颗粒在圆盘上的静态滚动摩擦特性所导致的轨迹差异。3所示。实验结果表明：(1)液体射流在旋转的锥形圆盘上扫颗粒，可以实现连续的形状分离。(2)分离器的分离效率取决于圆盘物料的表面粗糙度、颗粒大小、横扫颗粒的流速、表面倾角以及圆锥圆盘和分离器的转速。(3)在适当的操作条件下，即使是50微米级的细颗粒混合物也能有效分离。(4)研制了一种利用液体超声场的湿式微给料机，可有效地将细颗粒送入形状分离器。

1 . Introduction : In the development of functional materials, it has been revealed that the shape of the constituent particles is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of the matter. Desirably-shaped particles in a product, therefore, should be physically sorted and recovered preliminary to use as effectively as possible. In this study, for the purpose of separation of fine particles differing in shape, a new continuous wet shape separator was developed and its separation performance was tested using differently shaped binary solid mixtures of about 50- 250 mum in particle size.2 . Wet shape separator developed : Spherical and non-spherical particles were simultaneously fed onto a slowly rotating conical disk in the separator filled with a dilute aqueous solution of a surfactant, and were recovered in the sampler under the disk. The shape separation mechanism of particles in the separator is based on the difference in trajectories between spherical and non-spherical particles resulting from their static rolling frictional characteristics on the disk.3 .Experimental results : (1)Continuous shape separations could be performed using an operation of sweeping particles on the rotating conical disk by a jet of liquid. (2)Separation efficiencies of the separator depended on surface roughness of disk material, particle size, flow rate for sweeping particles, surface inclination angle, and rotational speed of conical disk and of separator. (3)Even the fine mixture of S0mum-sized particles could be effectively separated under the appropriate operating conditions. (4)A wet micro-feeder using the ultrasonic field in liquid was developed, and was found to be effective for feeding fine particles to the shape separator.