National Land Restructuring Through Lateral Networks

全球范围内的社会、经济关系、政治和文化的变化加速了日本对新的多边网络结构和系统的需求。从国家土地结构调整的角度来看，以下两个方面应发挥主导作用：（a）与附近地方行政当局形成横向网络的大都市;（B）内部横向网络化的大都市区。本文包括群马县、栃木县和滋贺县的案例研究。近年来，大都市圈内的封闭式、等级式网络，在社会、城市和人文场景的各个领域，都经历了向开放式、横向网络的转变。一个大的大都会正在改组为若干独立的区域核心，这些独立的区域核心之间的多极化增加了通过横向网络协调这些核心的新框架的必要性。不仅是大城市，还有所谓的卫星城市 关于我们 s和城镇已经经历了自治，非等级网络伙伴关系的变化。日本的都市圈有两种类型：一是单极集中型，如大东京都市圈;二是多极竞争型，如大京都-大坂-科比都市圈。现在是日本各地的中小城市和城镇摆脱对大城市的等级依赖的时候了。将自己重组为与大城市建立横向网络的自主合作伙伴是一条可行之路。不情愿的市政公司应该在急于合并之前寻求横向网络，因为当地居民可能需要更多的时间来决定。如果通过宇都宫、前桥-高崎和之间的网络开发一个新的首都圈，该地区将连接两个首都功能搬迁的候选地点，即Tochigi-Fukushima地区和Gifu-Aochi地区，绕过过于集中的东京首都圈。通过对东京的分散影响，可以促进全国范围的重组。少

Global scale changes in societies, economic relations, politics and cultures have accelerated the need for new multilateral network structures and systems throughout Japan. From the view point of national land restructuring, the following two should play the leading roles: (a) metropolises with lateral networks with the local administrations nearby; and (b) greater metropolitan areas networked laterally within. This paper includes case studies in Gunma Prefecture, Tochigi Prefecture and Shiga Prefecture.1. In recent year, closed and hierarchical networks in metropolitan areas have undergone changes into open and lateral networks in the various fields of social, urban and human scenes. Restructuring of a large metropolis into several independent regional cores has been in progress.Multi-polarization among those independent regional cores has increased the need for new frameworks for coordinating those cores through lateral networks. Not only big cities but also so-called satellite citie … More s and towns have experienced changes into autonomous, non-hierarchical network partnership.2. There are two types in the metropolitan areas in Japan: a uni-polar concentrated type, e.g. the Grater Tokyo Metropolitan Area: and a multi-polar rivalry type, e.g. the Grater Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe Metropolitan Area. Time has come for the small and medium sized cities and towns all over Japan to leave hierarchical dependence on larger cities. Reorganizing themselves as autonomous partners with lateral networks with larger cities is the way to go. Existent municipal corporations should seek after lateral networks before rushing into mergers which local residents might need more time to decide.3. If a new metropolitan area is developed by networks among Utsunomiya, Maebashi-Takasaki and Suwa, the area will connect the two candidate sites for the relocation of the capital functions, namely the Tochigi-Fukushima area and the Gifu-Aochi area, bypassing the excessively concentrated Tokyo Metropolitan Area. It is possible to promote nationwide restructuring through its decentralizing effects on Tokyo. Less