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RESEARCHES ON BASIC CULTURE OF EUROPE-WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FRANCE

欧洲基本文化研究——特别是法国

基本信息

批准号：
10041037
负责人：
NINOMIYA Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 13.89万
依托单位：
FERRIS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10041037/
关键词：
basic culture corporal technique folk customs invention of tradition consciousness of ancient times political representation longue duree cultural type 祝祭文化宗教意識

项目摘要

This research project focused, with special reference to France, on the various subjects such as the corporal technique of traditional craftsmen, the invention of tradition and the consciousness of ancient times, the religious mentality of contemporaries, the international pilgrimages' movements of modern world, the familial bondage of rural society and the folk customs, agriculture and forestry as livelihood, the festival culture and the modern representation of politics. In investigating these extremely divergent themes, we maintained the basic culture of Europe, as our core concept, in order to explore the new dimension of the understanding of Europe. The anthropologists and the historians who participated in this project could cooperate very well, in crossing their views each other. Before and after the 2 year consecutive field work, we held 10 debate sessions about our research problems. As for the understanding of the basic culture, we reached our mutual agreement on putting the more importance on the aspect of 'longue duree'(long period of time) than on that of the chronological old times. An anthropologist then proposed another aspect of the basic culture : cultural 'types' which can be extracted by the researchers. The historians among others expressed their doubts for this ahistorical concept. The concept was refined and with some restrictions added, but we could not arrive at the final agreement. This point remains to be solved in the future projects.

该研究项目特别以法国为例，重点研究了各种主题，如传统工匠的身体技术、传统的发明和古代的意识、当代人的宗教心态、现代世界的国际朝圣运动、农村社会的家庭束缚和民俗、农业和林业作为生计、节日文化与政治的现代表现。在研究这些极端不同的主题时，我们保持了欧洲的基本文化，作为我们的核心概念，以探索理解欧洲的新维度。参与这个项目的人类学家和历史学家可以很好地合作，相互交流他们的观点。在连续两年的田野调查前后，我们举行了10次关于我们研究问题的辩论会。在对基本文化的理解上，我们一致认为，应该重视“长时间”方面，而不是按时间顺序排列的旧时代。一位人类学家随后提出了基本文化的另一个方面：研究人员可以提取的文化“类型”。历史学家和其他人对这种非历史的概念表示怀疑。这一概念得到了改进，并增加了一些限制，但我们未能达成最后协议。这一点有待于在今后的项目中加以解决。