Aerosol variability and interaction with ambient conditions based on small-scale vertical and horizontal distribution of Arctic measurements (AIDA)

基于北极测量的小规模垂直和水平分布（AIDA）的气溶胶变异性以及与环境条件的相互作用

• 批准号: 519822612
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Astrid Lampert
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungsstelle Potsdam
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/519822612?language=en
• 关键词: Aerosol; variability; interaction; ambient; conditions

In the Arctic climate system, aerosol particles play a crucial role in understanding the rapid warming. With predominantly low background aerosol concentrations, local new particle formation events are an important source of aerosol particles, and can contribute significantly to cloud condensation nuclei. Due to the difficult accessibility, particularly vertical measurements in Arctic areas are rare. However, the aerosol concentration is highly variable in space and time and therefore difficult to implement in models. In particular, the spatial distribution and temporal variability on small scales strongly depends on ambient conditions, like atmospheric stratification, clouds, orography and surface properties. Therefore, the project AIDA (Aerosol variability and interaction with ambient conditions based on small-scale vertical and horizontal distribution of Arctic measurements) studies the small-scale variability at the site Ny-Alesund in Svalbard, a natural laboratory of small-scale contrasting environmental conditions, with simultaneous vertical measurements of a tethered balloon and horizontal and vertical measurements of a fixed-wing drone in addition to the existing continuously measuring ground-based observatories at Ny-Alesund and the Zeppelin Mountain. Measurements are planned for the transition time from the Arctic haze season in spring with predominantly remote transport to local aerosol formation in summer. The drone and the tethered balloon are equipped with similar aerosol instrumentation: The key instruments are two condensation particle counters of different lower detection threshold operated in parallel on each measurement platform to identify very small particles in the size range of 3-20 nm, which are an indicator of new particle formation. A new light-weight aerosol size spectrometer will be implemented to the balloon system for this campaign for the first time and measure the aerosol size distribution between 8 and 300 nm. In addition, sensors for larger aerosol particles are implemented to study the formation of new particles in dependence on pre-existing aerosol concentrations and the contribution of long-range transport of anthropogenic pollution. Temperature and humidity are recorded with high temporal resolution to investigate atmospheric stability and mixing. The three-dimensional wind vector is also measured, as the local wind field is strongly influenced by local orography. The small scale-variability of thermodynamic conditions is expected to have a significant influence on the formation and growth of new, small aerosol particles. All these in-situ data from vertical and horizontal measurements will be analysed afterwards in cooperation with partners, who operate complementary measurement systems in Ny-Alesund, on Zeppelin Mountain and other Arctic sites. The results will lead to a better understanding of the small-scale distribution of aerosol particles, their formation, growth and vertical transport processes.

在北极气候系统中，气溶胶粒子在理解快速变暖方面发挥着至关重要的作用。由于主要是低背景气溶胶浓度，本地新粒子形成事件是气溶胶粒子的重要来源，并可以显着地促进云凝结核。由于难以进入，北极地区的垂直测量特别罕见。然而，气溶胶浓度在空间和时间上变化很大，因此难以在模型中实现。特别是，小尺度上的空间分布和时间变化在很大程度上取决于环境条件，如大气层结、云、地形和表面特性。因此，AIDA项目（根据北极测量结果的小尺度垂直和水平分布进行的气溶胶变异性及其与环境条件的相互作用）研究斯瓦尔巴特群岛的Ny-Alesund站点的小尺度变异性，该站点是一个小尺度对比环境条件的天然实验室，同时垂直测量系留气球，水平和垂直测量固定-除了在新奥勒松和齐柏林山现有的持续测量地面观测站外，还将安装一架无人机。测量计划的过渡时间从北极烟霾季节在春季主要是远程传输到当地的气溶胶形成在夏季。无人机和系留气球配备了类似的气溶胶仪器：关键仪器是在每个测量平台上并行操作的两个具有不同较低检测阈值的冷凝颗粒计数器，以识别3-20 nm尺寸范围内的非常小的颗粒，这是新颗粒形成的指标。将首次在该活动的气球系统上安装一台新的轻型气溶胶粒度谱仪，测量8至300 nm之间的气溶胶粒度分布。此外，还安装了较大气溶胶颗粒的传感器，以研究新颗粒的形成，这取决于先前存在的气溶胶浓度和人为污染的远距离迁移。以高时间分辨率记录温度和湿度，以研究大气稳定性和混合。由于当地风场受当地地形的影响很大，因此还测量了三维风矢量。热力学条件的小尺度变化预计将对新的小气溶胶粒子的形成和生长产生重大影响。所有这些来自垂直和水平测量的现场数据将在随后与合作伙伴合作进行分析，这些合作伙伴在新奥勒松、齐柏林山和其他北极站点运营补充测量系统。研究结果将有助于更好地了解气溶胶粒子的小尺度分布、形成、增长和垂直输送过程。