ALEXIA - Analysis Linking Arctic Methane, Carbon Release, Heat Fluxes and Sea Ice from Local to Sub-Regional Scales by Airborne Measurements

ALEXIA - 通过机载测量将北极甲烷、碳释放、热通量和海冰从局部到次区域尺度联系起来的分析

• 批准号: 414169436
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Astrid Lampert
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Alfred-Wegener-Institut (AWI) Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/414169436?language=en
• 关键词: ALEXIA; Analysis; Linking; Arctic; Methane

The exchange of heat, water vapour, carbon dioxide and methane between Arctic Ocean, its sea ice cover and the polar atmosphere is still poorly known but of high importance for improved understanding of Arctic climate change. Analysis of the spatial variability and interactions of atmosphere, sea ice, ocean and biogeosphere from local to climatically relevant scales is critical to improve the performance of climate models. To fill the gap between local ground-based in situ measurements and large scale remote sensing and numerical data in the Central Arctic Ocean, an airborne data set will be obtained with helicopter based measurements during the international MOSAiC experiment, where the research vessel Polarstern will spend one year in the Arctic Ocean from September 2019 on, drifting with the sea ice above the North Pole from the Russian part of the Arctic towards Greenland. The proposal ALEXIA (Analysis Linking Arctic Methane, Carbon Release, Heat Fluxes and Sea Ice from Local to Sub-Regional Scales by Airborne Measurements) has the following aims: to investigate meteorological and surface parameters and their variability on a scale from local to a radius of 100 km around the drifting experiment, to study the impact of sea ice and synoptic conditions on heat and moisture transfer from the surface into the atmosphere, to quantify the vertical transport of methane and carbon dioxide from the ocean through the ice into the atmosphere and to distinguish the high-latitude source from long-range transport of these greenhouse gases, and to constrain the origin of the enhanced methane concentration in the shoulder seasons spring and autumn by isotopic analyses of air samples. The valuable data pool will be used for different interdisciplinary analyses for an advanced understanding of high-latitude interactions, and in the future as input and tool for numerical simulations with the overall aim to reduce uncertainty about future climate change scenarios.

北冰洋及其海冰和极地大气之间的热量、水蒸气、二氧化碳和甲烷的交换仍然鲜为人知，但对于增进对北极气候变化的了解具有重要意义。分析从当地到气候相关尺度的大气、海冰、海洋和生物地球圈的空间变异性和相互作用，对于改进气候模型的性能至关重要。为了填补北冰洋中部当地地面现场测量与大比例尺遥感和数值数据之间的空白，将在国际马赛克实验期间通过直升机测量获得机载数据集，从2019年9月开始，极地号科考船将在北冰洋度过一年，随北极上方的海冰从北极的俄罗斯部分向格陵兰漂流。拟议的Alexia(通过航空测量将北极甲烷、碳释放、热通量和海冰从局部尺度连接到次区域尺度的分析)有以下目的：在漂流实验周围从局部到半径100公里的尺度上调查气象和地面参数及其变异性，研究海冰和天气条件对从地面到大气的热量和水分转移的影响，量化甲烷和二氧化碳从海洋通过冰进入大气的垂直输送，并区分这些温室气体的高纬度来源和远程输送，并通过对空气样品的同位素分析来约束肩季、春季和秋季甲烷浓度升高的来源。有价值的数据库将用于不同的跨学科分析，以加深对高纬度相互作用的了解，并在未来作为数值模拟的输入和工具，总体目标是减少未来气候变化情景的不确定性。