Studies on Evaiuation and Practical Application of Self-Purification.

自净化的评估和实际应用研究。

• 批准号: 59350037
• 负责人: NAKANISHI Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 3.14万
• 依托单位: Yamaguchi University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1984 至 1985
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-59350037/
• 关键词: Self-purification; Pollution load; River; Runoff-rate; Deposit; Estuary; 土壌浄化容量; 汚濁作用

In this study,The singificance of self-purification was newly evaluated and practical application of it was inveatigated in rivers.lakes, aestuarys and soil.The following results were obtained from this study.1. Evaluation of self-Purification:Two types of self-Purification were difined. Type 1 means the reduction of pollutants from the objective water body and type 2 means the reduction of pollutants in the objective water body. Type 1 can be applied to all kinds of pollutant,but type 2 is applied to only decomposible pollutants such as organic matters. The relationships between self-purification ablity of type 2 and concentration of pollutants was shown as possitive correiation.2. Runoff of pollutants and self-Purification in rivers: A mathematical model was proposed, which expiained daily variation of pollutant runoff by means of combination of deposit of pollutants in dry weather and runoff of it in rainy weather. And the other model which explained BOD reduction in a river was proposed too.3. Self-purification in estuarys:Material balance of pollutants was measured in two estuarys. And roles of phyteplankton and suspended matters were evaluated.4. Self-purification in soil: Self-purification capacities such as adsorption,filtration,chemical reaction, biological reaction were evaluated quantitatively in several.case studies.

本研究对自净的意义进行了新的评价，并对其在河流、湖泊、河口和土壤中的实际应用进行了研究，得到了以下结果： 1．自净化的评价：定义了两种类型的自净化。类型1是指目标水体污染物的减少量，类型2是指目标水体污染物的减少量。类型1适用于各种污染物，而类型2仅适用于有机物等可分解污染物。 2型自净能力与污染物浓度呈正相关关系。2．污染物径流与河流自净：提出了一种数学模型，用干旱天气污染物的沉积量和雨天污染物径流的结合来解释污染物径流的日变化。并提出了解释河流BOD减少的另一个模型。 3．河口自净：对两个河口污染物物质平衡进行了测量。并对浮游植物和悬浮物的作用进行了评价。 4．土壤自净能力：通过多个案例研究对吸附、过滤、化学反应、生物反应等自净能力进行了定量评估。

项目成果

H.Nakanishi.M.Ukita,M.lsikawa,M.Sekine: Proceedings of the lnternational Conference. Management Strategies for Phosphorus in the Environment. 175-179 (1985)

H.Nakanishi.M.Ukita，M.lsikawa，M.Sekine：国际会议记录。

H.Nakanishi,M.Ukita: 4th international Conference on state of Arts in Ecological Modelling. A-4. (1984)

H.Nakanishi，M.Ukita：第四届生态模拟艺术现状国际会议。

H.Nakanishi, M.Ukita: "Study on phosphorus Behavior Between Sediment and Upper Water" The 10th U.S/Japan Experts Meeting on Management of Bottom Sediments Containing Toxic Substance. 57-64 (1984)

H.Nakanishi，M.Ukita：“沉积物与上层水之间磷行为的研究”第十届美国/日本有毒物质底部沉积物管理专家会议。

H.nakanishi, M.Ukita, M.Isikawa, M.Sekine: "Present State of Eutrophication of Lakes, Reservoir.Coastal Sea Area in Japan and the Fundamental Concepts for its Control" Proceedings of the International Conference Management Strategies for phosphorus in the

H.nakanishi、M.Ukita、M.Isikawa、M.Sekine：“日本湖泊、水库、近海富营养化的现状及其控制的基本概念”日本磷管理策略国际会议论文集

H.Nakanishi,M.Ukita: The 10th U.S/Japan Experts Meeting on Management of Bottom Sediments Containing Toxic Substance. 57-64 (1984)

H.Nakanishi，M.Ukita：第十届美国/日本有毒物质底部沉积物管理专家会议。