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Specific metabolisms of Bombyx mori and its application for production

家蚕的特异性代谢及其生产应用

基本信息

批准号：
60304024
负责人：
YAMASHITA Okitsugu
金额：
$ 6.08万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is the well domesticated insect which provides silk protein as its bioproduct. To develop the productivity of silk protein and other bioresources, the specific metabolisms of this insect as well as in insecta have been investigated in this research. The results obtained are as follows: 1. A silkworm peptide hormone, diapause hormone, regulates cyclic GMP metabolism at the different way from the mammalian peptide hormone. Calmodulin of silkworms is specified in its deficiency of trimethyl-lysine. 2. Protease and its inhibitors are present in silkworm hemolymph and their dynamic changes according to development and with the injection of microorganisms led us to conclude that this system is functionable in histolysis and protection against pathogens. 3. The temperature-dependent shift in carbohydrate metabolism was clarified in silkworm diapause eggs. Acclimation at 5゜C induced NAD-sorbitol dehydrogenase but no induction took place at 0゜C condition in both diapause and non-diapause eggs. 4. In addition to the several ecdysteroids, a specific sterol, bombycosterol, was identified in silkworm ovaries, suggesting the occurrence of specific steroid metabolism. 5. The extra-cellular glycolysis in spermatophore is shown to contribute to supply metabolic energy for sperm maturation or motion. Arginine is also used as energy source for this purpose in which arginine is provided from protein through a specific protease action.

家蚕（Bombyx mori）是一种经过精心驯化的昆虫，其生物产品是丝蛋白。为了开发利用丝蛋白等生物资源，本研究对该虫及昆虫门的特殊代谢进行了研究。主要研究结果如下：1.家蚕肽类激素滞育激素以与哺乳动物肽类激素不同的方式调节环鸟苷酸代谢。家蚕的钙调素是由于缺乏三甲基赖氨酸而引起的。2.蛋白酶及其抑制剂存在于家蚕血淋巴中，它们随发育和微生物注射的动态变化使我们得出结论，该系统在组织溶解和抵抗病原体方面是有功能的。3.家蚕滞育卵中碳水化合物代谢的温度依赖性转变得到了阐明。5 ℃驯化诱导了滞育卵和非滞育卵的NAD-山梨醇脱氢酶，而0 ℃驯化没有诱导。4.除了几种蜕皮甾体外，在家蚕卵巢中还发现了一种特殊的甾醇，即家蚕甾醇，这表明存在着特殊的甾体代谢。5.精荚细胞外的糖酵解为精子的成熟和运动提供能量。精氨酸也被用作能量来源，其中精氨酸通过特异性蛋白酶作用从蛋白质提供。