On the Value Orientations of Okinawa in the Light of Dynamics of "Monchu" System.

从“文丘”制度动力看冲绳的价值取向

• 批准号: 60510151
• 负责人: KITAMURA Tadashi
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: Shimane University.
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1985 至 1986
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60510151/
• 关键词: Monchu; Lineage; Descent; Village Structure; Village Cult; Ancestor Worship; Orientations to Progenitor; 価値志向性

When we consider about the social formation and structure of Okinawan villages, we can not argue it without refering to "Monchu" as kinship organization. In this research I found the typical model concerning to phases of the "Monchu and village at Shitahaku community in Kochinda District of Southern Okinawa. Through this case analysis from Shitahaku we can conclude that the social structure of villages is reduced to the accumulation of "Monchu" structures on the ideological as well as social order.Every person living in the villages can not identify himself but on the way of "Monchu" which he is attached to. We can attest this by the style of naming each house. Although the house names are the most important as the medium to identify person or family in Okinawam villages, these houses are first of all named in conformity with the order and hierarchy in "Monchu". And amongst the context of village order "Monchu" in turn intensifies its own identification by pursueing the legitimacy and … More dignity worthy of its history and descent through ritual porformances and the like. It is the case that they created the sacred tombs of "Monchu". The sacred tombs which are accorded the more nucleous situation with relation to cosmological order of villages are higher ranked.While "Monchu" has another face,that is,it doesn't bring to completion within the villages,expanding itself be ond the confine of the village. I brought this aspect to light analyzing the structure of a pilgrimage to Iha Nakajo in Ishikawa in this research. Every "Monchu" strives to enhance its identification through pursueing the higher one than the "Monchu" ancestor Must confirmed, or furthermore the highest progenitor. Nakajo is one of the houses that enshrine such higher ancestors. Every year the delegates of many "Monchu" come from all over the Okinawa Island to worship Nakajo which is believed as their own remote ancestors. I could verify by the analysis of the pilgrimage to Nakajo how intensely Okinawan people were bound with their ancestor worship and progenitor orientations, This progenitor orientation is not only a traditional custum of the past, but also it is still being creared and activating "Monchu". Less

当我们考虑冲绳村庄的社会形态和结构时，我们不能不将“文族”作为亲属组织来争论。在这项研究中，我找到了冲绳南部科钦田地区下白社区“文丘”和村庄各个阶段的典型模型。通过对下白社区的案例分析，我们可以得出这样的结论：村庄的社会结构被简化为思想和社会秩序上“文丘”结构的积累。生活在村庄里的每个人都无法识别自己，而是通过他所依附的“文丘”方式来识别自己。 可以通过每栋房子的命名风格来证明这一点。尽管房屋名称是冲绳村落中识别个人或家庭最重要的媒介，但这些房屋的命名首先符合“门中”中的顺序和等级。在村庄秩序的背景下，“蒙楚”反过来通过仪式表演追求其历史和血统的合法性和尊严，从而强化了自己的认同 等等。他们创造了“蒙楚”神圣的坟墓。与村庄的宇宙秩序相关的神圣陵墓的地位更高。而“门楚”还有另一面，那就是它不是在村庄内完成的，而是在村庄的范围之外扩展自己。我通过分析伊波中条朝圣的结构来揭示这一点 在石川进行这项研究。每一个“蒙楚”都努力通过追求比“蒙楚”祖先必须确认的更高的，或者甚至是最高的祖先来增强自己的认同。中条是供奉这些高等祖先的房屋之一。每年，许多“文族”的代表都会从冲绳岛各地赶来祭拜中条，人们相信中条是他们自己的远祖。 通过对中条朝圣的分析，我可以验证冲绳人与祖先崇拜和祖先取向的联系有多么紧密，这种祖先取向不仅是过去的传统习俗，而且仍在创造和激活“文丘”。少

项目成果

Kitamura, Tadashi: ""Monchu" in the Village Construction in Southern Okinawa." Memoirs of the Faculty of Law and Literature of Shimane University.9-1. 97-123 (1986)

北村正：“冲绳南部村庄建设中的‘文丘’”。

喜多村正: 島根大学法文学部文学科紀要. 9-1. 97-123 (1986)

村正北：岛根大学法律文学部文学系通报 97-123（1986）。