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Studies on genetic elimination of seed lipoxygenase for utilization of soybeans.

大豆种子脂氧合酶遗传消除研究.

基本信息

批准号：
60560001
负责人：
KITAMURA Keisuke
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Iwate University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60560001/
关键词：
lipoxygenase isozymes genetic elimination 抑臭大豆

项目摘要

Normal soybean seeds contain three lipoxygenase isozymes, L-1, L-2, and L-3. These isozymes are responsible for the generation of objectionable grassy beany flavors which build a barrier against the wide utilization of soy protein products. By the use of the lipoxygenase lacking mutants, L-1-less, L-2-less and L-3-less soybeans, we have been attempting to breed soybeans with low levels of the objectionable grassy flavors. The objective in this investigation is to clarify whether any defects occur in the important agricultural traits in the lipoxygenase lacking soybeans.New techniques using the carotene bleaching activity of lipoxygenase were developed for the detection of L-1, L-2 and L-3, Respectively. By the use of the new techniques, about ten thousands progeny seeds from L-1-less X L-2-less crosses were analyzed. However, no double mutant seeds lacking both L-1 and L-2 have been identified indicating that the <Lx_1> locus tightly links with the <Lx_2> locus.Three to four backcrosse … More s were made to the recurrent parents 'Suzuyutaka' to obtain the near-isogenic lines lacking L-1, L-2, L-3, L-1・L-3, and L-2・L-3, respectively. By using the near-isogenic lines, the performance on the characters such as productivity and plant growth was evaluated in Morioka and Tsukuba. The results showed that no significant physiological and morphological differences through each stage of germination, early growth, flowering and seed development among the lines and var. Suzuyutaka. Moreover, no difference of seed damages by insect pests, such as pod borer or stink bugs was observed among the lines in both places.In another experiment, it was shown that there was no significant difference in activity levels of leaf and youg pod lipoxygenases that have been thought to play physiologically important roles among the lines and var. Suzuyutaka.These results indicate that it is possible to breed soybean varieties with low levels of the undesirable lipoxygenase actions by the use of the lipoxygenase lacking soybeans. Less

正常大豆种子含有三种脂氧合酶同工酶，L-1，L-2和L-3。这些同工酶是导致产生令人讨厌的草豆风味的原因，草豆风味对大豆蛋白产品的广泛利用构成了障碍。通过使用缺乏脂氧合酶的突变体，L-1-少，L-2-少和L-3-少的大豆，我们一直试图培育具有低水平的令人讨厌的草味的大豆。为明确脂肪氧化酶缺失大豆的重要农艺性状是否存在缺陷，建立了利用脂肪氧化酶的胡萝卜素漂白活性检测L-1、L-2和L-3的新技术。利用新技术分析了近万粒来自L-1-少× L-2-少杂交组合的后代种子。然而，没有鉴定出同时缺乏L-1和L-2的双突变体种子，表明该<Lx_1>位点与该位点紧密连锁<Lx_2>。 ...更多信息对轮回亲本“铃铃隆”进行了遗传改良，获得了缺失L-1、L-2、L-3、L-1·L-3和L-2·L-3的近等基因系。通过使用近等基因系，在盛冈和筑波的生产力和植物生长等性状的表现进行了评价。结果表明，在萌发、早期生长、开花和种子发育的各个阶段，品系间和变种间的生理和形态差异不显著。铃丰此外，在两个地方的品系之间，害虫如食心虫和蝽类对种子的危害没有显著差异。在另一个试验中，叶和幼荚脂肪氧合酶的活性水平在品系和变种之间没有显著差异，而这些脂肪氧合酶被认为在生理上起重要作用。这些结果表明，通过使用缺乏脂氧合酶的大豆，可以培育具有低水平的不期望的脂氧合酶作用的大豆品种。少