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WIND TUNNEL EXPERIMENTS ON WIND PRESSURE AND AIR FLOW DISTRIBUTION BY USING VARIOUS ARRANGEMENTS OF BUILDING MODELS

不同建筑模型布置方式的风压和气流分布风洞实验

基本信息

批准号：
61302069
负责人：
KATAYAMA Tadahisa
金额：
$ 2.75万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-61302069/
关键词：
Wind tunnel experiment wind pressure coefficient Air flow around building Rate of building volume to lot Thermal environment Cross-ventilation 標準新有効温度通風地表面粗さ風速垂直分布スペクトル粗度係数べき指数アプローチフロー

项目摘要

This report describes wind pressure on the walls and air flow distribution around buildings on the basis of wind tunnel experiments by using two kinds of building model: apartment houses with 5-10 stories and 2-storied detatched houses on a scale of 1/400 and 1/100, respectively. Models were regularly arranged on the floor of the wind tunnel with a section of 1.5mx1.5m, in various combinations of parameters, such as wind direction, width of the street, rate of building volume to lot, etc.It is shown that the absolute value of wind pressure coefficient on the wall decreases as the rate of building volume to lot increases. These results were compared with those already reported.Another purpose of this report is to apply the experimental results on wind pressure and air flow distribution to estimation of thermal environments in a cross-ventilated room of an apartment house and in the cavity between the buildings in terms of SET^*, ASHRAE's Standard New Effective Temperature. SET^* was calculated both in the room and in the cavity, using Standard Meteorological Data of three districts of Sapporo, Tokyo and Kagosima and related to the rate of building volume to lot, orientation of buildings, wind direction, etc. Moreover, the effect of ground coverages, i.e., bare ground, asphalt pavement and lawn, on the outdoor thermal environment is examined.

本报告在风洞实验的基础上，采用5-10层的公寓住宅和2层的独立式住宅两种建筑模型，分别按1/400和1/100的比例，描述了建筑物墙体上的风压和建筑物周围的气流分布。在截面为1.5mx1.5m的风洞地板上，按照风向、街道宽度、建筑容积率等参数的不同组合规律布置模型。结果表明，壁面风压系数绝对值随着建筑容积率的增大而减小。这些结果与已经报道的结果进行了比较。本报告的另一个目的是将风压和气流分布的实验结果应用于公寓房屋交叉通风房间和建筑物间空腔的热环境估算，以ASHRAE标准新有效温度SET^*为标准。SET^*使用札幌、东京和鹿儿岛三个地区的标准气象数据在室内和空腔中计算，并与建筑容积率、建筑朝向、风向等相关。此外，还考察了裸地、沥青路面和草坪等地表覆盖度对室外热环境的影响。