Raman Scattering Study of SFrfaces

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The purpose of this study is to develop Raman spectroscopy for surface science and to extend the range of its applications. The main results obtained by this study can be summarized as follows :1. A high efficiency surface Raman spectrometer system has been constructed, by which a monolayer to several layers of surface adsorbates can be detected, and at the same time, whose absolute efficiency is rigorously calibrated.2. The absolute Raman scattering cross-section has been precisely defined. The cross-sections for Cu-phthalocyanine on silver film and nitrobenzene on Ni (111) have been obtained. The aggregation states of these adsorbates have been determined from the energy spectra and the polarization of the scattered light.3. The scattered angle dependence of the Raman intensity from adsorbates on a very rough Ag surface has been measured and a model which reproduces the experimental results has been proposed.4. A normal mode analysis has been carried out for molecular vibrations of pyridine on silver and the result has been compared with experimental data. It has been found that back donation of electrons from the substrate to the meta C-C bond of the pyridine molecule results in the increase of the spring constant of that bond.5. It has been found by the electric field induced Raman spectroscopy that the band bending of 1.5eV is produced by the adsorption of Cs molecules of 2 monolayear thickness on p-type GaAs.