Hydrolysis of Woody Material and Utilization by High Steam Reactor

以蒸汽爆破法为预处理工艺，研究了木质纤维原料微生物转化为能源的生物工艺系统的应用。在不同的蒸汽压力和加热时间下，对落叶松和桉树的木片进行爆破。产物经分离得到水溶性半纤维素、纤维素、醇溶性木质素和克拉森木质素。从实验数据中确定了爆炸对甲醇可溶性木质素、克拉森木质素、半纤维素和纤维素浓度的影响。以爆破木材为试材，研究了爆破对酶解糖化的影响。爆炸处理被认为是有效的脱木素的木材和增加其敏感性酶水解。比较了酶法糖化发酵两步液体培养、固定化细胞培养和糖化发酵同步培养3种培养体系的酶解和乙醇产率。因此，它是最有效的生产酒精从爆炸的木材。通过绘制单位能耗糖化率与蒸汽压力、反应时间的等值线图，评价了该爆破系统的最佳操作条件。落叶松在4.3MPa压力和3min反应时间下的单位能耗糖化率最大，桉木在3.7MPa压力和2min反应时间下的单位能耗糖化率最大。

The application of bioprocess system for microbial conversion of lignocellulosic materials into energy was studied experimentally by using steam explosion process as pretreatment. Wood chips of Larix leptolepis and Eucalyptus were exploded at various pressures of steam and times of heating. The products were separated into water-soluble hemicellulose, cellulose, methanol-soluble lignin and Klason lignin. The effects of explosion on the concentration of methanol-soluble lignin, Klason lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose were determined from the experimental data. The effect of explosion on the enzymatic saccharification was examined by using exploded wood samples. The explosion treatment was found to be effective for delignification of the wood and for increasing its susceptibility to enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol productivity were compared in three culture systems: a liquid cultures of two steps of the enzymatic saccharification and fermentation, and immobilized culture of cells,and a simultaneous culture of saccharification and fermentation. As a result, it was the most effective for producing alcohol from exploded wood. The conditions of optimal operation in this explosion system was evaluated from the contour map of ploting ratio of saccharification per unit energy consupmtion against steam pressure and reaction time. It was realized that the ration of saccharification per unit energy consumption against steam pressure and reaction time in Larch attained to the maximum at 4.3 MPA of pressure and 3 minute of reaction time and that of eucalyptus attained to the maximum at 3.7 MPA and 2 minute.