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Study on Rapid Degradation and Utilization of Plant and Animal Wastes for Environment Preservation

动植物废弃物快速降解与环境保护利用研究

基本信息

批准号：
05680484
负责人：
SAWADA Tatsuro
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05680484/
关键词：
Environment Preservation Waste Alcohol Fermentation New Material

项目摘要

Steam explosion is one of the effective pretreatment methods for the utilization of plant and animal wastes. Effects of steam explosion on the modification of plant and animal wastes were atudied experimentally. Wastes were treated with high-pressure steam (2.55,3.04,3.53 and 4.51 MPa) for 0.5-20 min. The exploded product was separated into water-soluble hemicellulose, holocellulose, methanol-soluble lignin and Klason lignin. The effects of steam explosion on the characteristics of the exploded product were studied from experimental data on pH,amounts of extractive components and enzymatic saccharification. The enzymatic saccharification increased with increasing amounts of methanol-soluble lignin, and was affected by the pore size distribution. New pores for enzymatic saccharification were formed with a variety of diameters in the exploded product by the steam explosion. The enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol productivity were compared in two cultures : a liquid culture of enzymatic saccharification and fermentation in two steps, and a simultaneous culture of saccharification and fermentation. From the results of these cultures, it was confirmed that the simultaneous culture of saccharification and fermentation was the most effective for producing alchol from the exploded product. The lignin epoxy resin was synthesized from methanolsoluble lignin of exploded product. It was found that the lignin epoxy resin was more easily heat hardened and heat stable than the epoxy resin of bisphenol A.

蒸汽爆破法是处理动植物废弃物的有效方法之一。通过实验研究了蒸汽爆破对植物和动物废弃物的改性效果。用高压水蒸气(2.55、3.04、3.53和4.51 Mpa)处理废液0.5~20min。将爆裂产物分离为水溶性半纤维素、综纤维素、甲醇可溶木质素和克拉森木质素。从pH值、萃取物含量和酶糖化等实验数据研究了汽爆对爆裂产物特性的影响。酶促糖化作用随甲醇可溶木质素含量的增加而增加，并受孔径分布的影响。蒸汽爆裂后的产物中形成了直径不同的酶糖化新孔。比较了酶糖化发酵两步液体培养和糖化发酵同时培养两种培养方式的酶解产率和酒精产率。从培养结果来看，糖化和发酵同时培养是从爆裂产品中生产酒精的最有效的方法。以爆裂产物中的醇溶木质素为原料，合成了木素环氧树脂。结果表明，木质素环氧树脂比双酚A环氧树脂更易热固化，热稳定性好。