Degeneration of Machine oils and the generation of toxicity during Their Recycled use- Studies from the view point of industrial health.

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Machine oils are widely used in metal processing factories and a water soluble or emulsifiable type has become predominant in the work place. During their recycled use process, a high temperature and a high pressure on the metal surface could play a role in generating new toxic substances unpredicted before use. The present studies concern the detection of mutagenicity and its monitoring in cutting fluids with the lapse of time of recycled use, and the measurement of oil mists in the work places.1. After the blue cotton extraction, one of 11 unused water soluble cutting fluids tested here showed mutagenic activity detected by the Ames test with Salmonella TA98 without metabolic activation. 2. With the Sep-Pak C18 extraction, polar fractions of an unused and a recycle-used water soluble cutting fluids showed mutagenicity by TA100 without metabolic activation. 3. Some machine oils being collected as the lapse of time showed mutagenicity after 60-90 days of use. 4. As a portable sampler for oil mists, we tested a head of the TR sampler with two stages built in, and collected the oil mists on stainles-steel plate. We also tested an oil meter for the measurement of oil components collected on the plate after extraction with CC14. The results were well corresponded to those with the low volume sampler, which collects the oil mists in a glass fiber filter and is a conventional method.The above results suggested that monitorings of both the levels of oils in the ambient air and the toxicities such as mutagenicity in the fluid, could work for the protection of health of worker in machine work shops, through an environmental control system.