Characterisation and Treatment of Reverse Osmosis Concentrates from Water Recycling Applications

反渗透(RO)产生的浓缩物不仅对环境构成相当大的威胁，而且还对反渗透作为一种技术的成功实施构成了相当大的威胁。自然，浓缩物包含反渗透所保留的一切，因此污染物，如病毒，有机物，如药用活性化合物和激素，以及营养物质和盐度。处理这类废流将增进接收水体的健康，并减少如果废物循环进入废水处理厂，污染物积聚增加的风险。将探索处理这类污染物的新方法，在更广泛的水循环和可持续性框架内评估效率和成本。

Concentrates from reverse osmosis (RO) pose a considerable threat to both the environment but also the successful implementation of reverse osmosis as a technology. Naturally, the concentrate contains everything that the RO retains and hence contaminants such as viruses, organics such as pharmaceutically active compounds and hormones as well as nutrients and salinity. Treatment of such waste streams will enhance the health of receiving water bodies and reduce the risk of increased build up of contaminants if wastes are recycled into wastewater treatment plants. New ways to treat such contaminants will be explored, the efficiency and cost evaluated in the broader water cycle and sustainability framework.