Religious View and National Identity in a Multi-Ethnic Society -the case of the Philippines-

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This study was conducted as a part of the research project which aims at clarifying the religious view and national identity in a multi-ethnic society of the Philippines from the standpoints of social anthropology and ethnology. The survey was conducted so as to discuss the common topics with regard to the religious aspects, customary law, value system, socio-political leadership, women's role and national identity.The research was conducted in various religious settings--1) religious confrontation in Chinese society (by Sasaki, at Metro-Manila), 2) the process of both religious consolidation and nationalization in minority societies (by Muratake at Bontok, and Peralta at Northern Luzon), 3) women's social roles and participation among Filipino societies and the education of national identity in elemental level. (by Kikuchi, Kyoko at Manila and Cebu), 4) nationalization and consciousness of nation are reflected with Catholic mission works, political behavior and kinship system (by Kikuchi, Yasushi in Manila), 5) modernization of life structure in minority society (by Watari at Mindoro and Peralta in Northern Luzon), 6) nationalization and Islamism (by Miyamoto at Manila).This study is characterized as a synthetic one which all researchers conducted the fieldwork in different religious settings which contain Aminism, Catholicism, Taoism, and Islamism, focusing on a common topic. The data and viewpoints presented in this study will contribute to the further research of the religious view and national identity of the Philippines society.The result of this study will be presented in Filipino Tradition and Acculturation --Research Report IV -- published by the Philippine Studies Program, Institute of Social Sciences, Waseda University.