Religious View and National Identity in a Multi-Ethnic Society : The Case of the Philippines

这项研究是研究项目的一部分，该项目旨在从社会人类学、宗教人类学和民族学的角度阐明菲律宾多民族社会中的宗教观和民族认同。调查的目的是讨论宗教方面、习惯法、价值体系、社会政治领导、妇女作用和民族认同等共同话题。本研究在不同的宗教背景下进行：（1）华人社会的宗教对抗（佐佐木，马尼拉大都会和宿务）;（2）少数民族社会的宗教整合和民族化过程（村武，大马尼拉，佩拉尔塔，北方吕宋）;（3）菲律宾社会中妇女的社会角色和参与以及基本层面的民族认同教育。(by K.菊池在马尼拉和宿务）; 4）天主教的使命作品、政治行为和亲属制度（Y.马尼拉的菊池）; 5）少数民族社会生活结构的现代化（北方吕宋岛民都洛和佩拉尔塔的瓦塔里），6）国有化和伊斯兰主义（武端玉木著），7）国家认同与菲律宾政治（片山和约卡诺在大马尼拉），8）政治纪念碑和民族主义（由清水在马尼拉和八打雁），9.中产阶级身份和民族主义（由Evangelista在大马尼拉）本研究是一个综合性的研究，所有研究者都在不同的宗教背景下进行了田野调查，包括基督教、天主教、道教和伊斯兰教。聚焦于一个共同的话题，即菲律宾人身份的出现。本研究提出的数据和观点将有助于进一步研究菲律宾社会的宗教观和民族认同。

This study is conducted as a part of the research project which aims at clarifying the religious view and national identity in a multi-ethnic society of the Philippines from the standpoints of social anthropology, religious anthropology and ethnology. The survey will be conducted so as to discuss the common topics with regard to the religious aspects, customary law, value system, socio-political leadership, women's role and national identity. The research was conducted in various religious settings as follows :1) religious confrontation in Chinese society (by Sasaki, at Metro-Manila and Cebu),2) the process of both religious consolidation and nationalization in minority societies (by Muratake at Metro Manila, and Peralta at Northern Luzon).3) women's social roles and participation among Filipino societies and the education of national identity at elemental level. (by K. Kikuchi at Manila and Cebu),4) nationalization and consciousness of nation are reflected with Catholic mission works, political behavior and kinship system (by Y. Kikuchi in Manila),5) modernization of life structure in minority society (by Watari at Mindoro and Peralta in Northern Luzon),6) nationalization and Islamism (by Tamaki at Butuan),7) national identity and Philippine politics (by Katayama and Jocano at Metro Manila),8) political monuments and nationalism (by Shimizu at Manila and Batangas),9) middle class identity and nationalism (by Evangelista at Metro Manila).This study is characterized as a synthetic one which all researchers conducted the fieldwork in different religious settings which contain Aminism, Catholicism, Taoism, and Islamism, focusing on a common topic which is on the emergence of Filipino identity. The data and viewpoints presented in this study will contribute to the further research of the religious view and national identity of the Philippines society.