权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Experimental analyses on cultural behaviors in a troop of Japanese monkeys: acquisition and transmission of token-use behavior.

日本猴子群体文化行为的实验分析：令牌使用行为的获取和传播。

基本信息

批准号：
62510051
负责人：
ASANO Toshio
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
AICHI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The first experiment was designed to study if Japanese monkeys were able to acquire new behavior which involved usage of token to obtain a grain of soybean under a semi-natural group setting. A troop of Japanese monkeys kept in a corral(WAKASA group in Inuyama;N=26) who had long experience to press a key to obtain soybean were used for this study. Picking up one of the balls scattered around the intelligence panel and dropping it into the receiving tray on the panel activated the feeder for a grain of soybean. Behaviors of monkeys shown near the panel were recorded in a hand held computer by the experimenter who was able to name all the members of the troop. First monkeys were adapted to golfballs until they ceased biting the balls. No spontaneous drops of the ball was observed for six sessions, even after the experimenter had acted as a model showing monkeys how to use a ball to obtain a soybean. Then, the experimenter teached two monkeys who showed continual attention to the panel. The method of successive approximation in operant conditioning was applied. Eventually a young female succeeded in learning to carry a ball from distant site and drop into the tray. Obsevation continued for several sessions to gather the transmission to other members of the troop. However no imitator was found even in a few months later. These results suggested that imiation might not play important roll in transmission of cultural behaviors in natural troops of Japanese monkeys.

第一个实验的目的是研究日本猴子是否能够获得新的行为，其中包括使用代币获得一粒大豆在半自然组设置。本研究使用了一群饲养在畜栏中的日本猴（犬山的WAKASA组;N=26），这些猴具有按下按键获取大豆的长期经验。捡起散落在智能面板周围的一个球，把它扔进面板上的接收托盘，激活了一粒大豆的喂食器。实验人员将猴子在面板附近的行为记录在手持计算机中，实验人员能够说出团队中所有成员的名字。首先，猴子适应了高尔夫球，直到它们停止咬球。即使在实验者充当猴子的模型，向猴子展示如何用球来获得大豆之后，在六个阶段中也没有观察到球的自发下落。然后，实验者教两只猴子持续关注面板。采用操作性条件反射的逐次逼近法。最后，一只年轻的雌性成功地学会了从远处拿球并把球扔进托盘。观察持续了几次会议，以收集部队其他成员的信息。然而，几个月后也没有发现模仿者。这些结果表明，模仿在日本猕猴自然群体的文化行为传递中可能不起重要作用。