情緒的印象の記述ー騒音問題の場合ー

本实验旨在调查日常生活中表达噪音情绪的术语的使用情况。本实验采用日本、瑞典、德国和中国等国的“选择描述法”进行。使用飞机噪声、火车噪声、道路交通噪声、语音、音乐和建筑噪声作为刺激。这些声音被呈现给受试者，他们被要求选择他们认为合适的形容词来表达对声音的印象。结果表明，不同的国家使用不同的形容词来表示不同的声音。例如，在日本和瑞典，“大声”一词被用来指音乐和演讲。在德国，它被用于许多音源，但在中国身上很少使用。在日语受试者中，“吵闹”和“讨厌”两个词的用法差别不大。在其他三个国家，“嘈杂”一词似乎用来指高水平的声音或不和谐的声音，而“烦人的”一词似乎用来表示声音的干扰。认为“烦人”一词既涉及到声音的心理因素，也涉及到声音的生理因素。这也得到了另一项实验的支持，该实验的结果表明，对实际声音的响度和烦躁程度的判断有很大差异，但对人工声音的判断差异不大。

The present experiment was designed to investigae the usage of terms for expressing the emotional aspects of noise in daily life situations. The experiment was conducted using "selected description method" in Japan, Sweden, Germany and China. Aircraft noise, train noise, road traffic noise, speech, music and construction noise were used as stimuli. These sounds were presented to the subjects and they were asked to select the adjectives which they thought appropriate to express the impression of the sounds. The result suggests that different adjectives are used for different sounds in each country. For example, the term "loud" is used for music and speech in Japan and Sweden. It is used for many sound sources in Germany, but seldom used in China. There was little difference in the usage of terms "noisy" and "annoying" in Japanese subjects. In the other three countries, the term "noisy" seemed to be used for high-level sounds or inharmonic sounds and the term "annoying" seemed to be used for expressing the disturbance from sounds. It is suggested that the term "annoying" is involved in psychological factors as well as physical factors of sounds. This was also supported by an another experiment, the results of which showed that there was a great difference in the judgments of loudness and annoyance of actual sounds, but that there was little difference in those of artrificial sounds.