PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION FROM MINUTE BLOODSTAINS BY DOT ELISA TECHNIQUES

通过点 ELISA 技术从微小血迹中进行个人身份识别

• 批准号: 62570266
• 负责人: ISHIZU Hideo
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: KOCHI MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62570266/
• 关键词: Species identification; Fetal blood identification; Blood grouping; Monoclonal antibody; Dot blotting; ELISA; 血痕; α-フェトプロテイン; IgA; ドットイムノバインディングアッセイ

We have devised some methods using a dot ELISA technique to obtain-informations useful for the personal identification from bloodstains.1. In the identification of human bloodstains by dot ELISA methods using monoclonal antibodies against human serum proteins, the method using anti-human albumin (anit-ALB) was very sensitive and did not show cross-reaction with red-chested tamarin, one of new world monkeys, and non-primate animals. The method using anti-human immunoglobulin kappa chain (anti-Igk) was not so sensitive as the method using anti-ALB but the specificity was more improved and did not show any cross-reaction with primates other than chimpanzee. Our methods using anti-ALB and anti-Igk would be useful in forensic practice.2. For the discrimination between adult and fetal/neonatal bloodstains, we tried to detect IgA and AFP from the same bloodstain extract by the dot ELISA method using monoclonal antihuman IgA and anti-human AFP. By this method, we were able to discriminate fetal/neonatal bloodstains from adult ones until one year after the stain preparation. Using this method, bloodstains from pathologic adults with increased blood AFP level such as patients with hepatoma could be easily discriminated from fetal/neonatal bloodstains.3. ABO blood grouping from bloodstains was possible by the dot ELISA using monoclonal anti-A, Anti-B and anti-H, and the possibility of MN blood typing from bloodstains by the dot ELISA have been suggested.

我们设计了一些方法，使用斑点ELISA技术从血迹中获得有用的个人识别信息。用抗人血清蛋白单克隆抗体进行斑点ELISA法鉴定人血痕时，抗人白蛋白（anit-ALB）法灵敏度高，与新大陆猴红胸绢毛猴及非灵长类动物无交叉反应。使用抗人免疫球蛋白κ链（抗-Igk）的方法不如使用抗-ALB的方法敏感，但特异性更高，并且与黑猩猩以外的灵长类动物没有显示出任何交叉反应。结论：1.抗ALB和抗Igk抗体的检测方法在法医学实践中具有一定的应用价值.为了区分成人和胎儿/新生儿的血痕，我们尝试用抗人伊加和抗人AFP单克隆抗体，用斑点ELISA法从同一血痕提取液中同时检测伊加和AFP。通过这种方法，我们能够区分胎儿/新生儿的血迹从成人的，直到一年后的染色准备。利用该方法，可以很容易地将AFP水平升高的病理成人（如肝癌患者）的血痕与胎儿/新生儿的血痕区分开来.用单克隆抗A、抗B、抗H进行斑点酶联免疫吸附试验（DotELISA），可对血痕进行ABO血型鉴定，并提出了用斑点酶联免疫吸附试验（DotELISA）对血痕进行MN血型鉴定的可能性。