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Role of cell walls in controlling plant growth and development

细胞壁在控制植物生长发育中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
63304003
负责人：
MASUDA Yoshio
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Osaka City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The goal of this project is to elucidate the role of cell wall components in controlling plant growth and development, using chemical, physical, genetical, physiological, morphological and immunological techniques. Following results were obtained: (1) Immunological screening of functional polysaccharides (Masuda, Hoson, Hogetu) - Experiments with sugar-recognizing antibodies revealed that guxin induced cell elongation by modifying glucan in monocots and xyloglucan in dicots. F-WGA lectin detected the formation of tissue-specific hemicelluloses in the course of the differentiation of treachery elements. (2) Genetic analysis of functional cell wall polysaccharides (Katsumi, Kuraishi, Sakurai) - Experiments with plants carrying dwarf genes revealed that no correlation existed between shoot growth and cell wall-bound peroxidase activity. It was turned out that dwarf plants insensitive to gibberellins have a thick stem, as compared with wild plants. The physicochemical analysis of shoot cel … More l walls revealed that maximum bending stress was correlated with cellulose content. (3) Screening of cell wall components functional in controlling growth (Imaseki, Kamisaka, Nishitani) - Experiments with cDNA of acid chitinase demonstrated that ethylene stimulated the secretion of the enzyme into cell walls by acting at the level of gene expression. The formation of intermolecular bridges by diferulic acid bound to glucuronoarabinoxylans was found to make cell walls mechanically rigid, resulting in limited cell growth. (4) Analysis of the three-dimensional structure of cell walls (Kato) - A model for the crosslinks between glucuronoarabinoxylans and rhamnogalacturonans was presented. (5) Metabolic analysis of functional polysaccharides (Komamine, Shibaoka, Yamaguchi) - The differentiation of treachery elements was shown to be closely related to an increase in the activity of xylose transferase. Biochemical experiments revealed that isolated phragmoplasts incorporated labeled UDP-glucose into glucans. Benzoic acid active in inducing flowering was found to increase xylose content in cell walls. Less

本项目的目的是利用化学、物理、遗传、生理、形态学和免疫学等技术，阐明细胞壁成分在控制植物生长发育中的作用。(1)功能性多糖（Masuda, Hoson, Hogetu）的免疫筛选-糖识别抗体实验表明，谷胱甘肽通过修饰单子叶中的葡聚糖和双子叶中的木聚糖诱导细胞伸长。F-WGA凝集素检测背叛因子分化过程中组织特异性半纤维素的形成。(2)功能性细胞壁多糖的遗传分析(Katsumi, Kuraishi, Sakurai) -对携带矮化基因的植物进行的实验表明，茎部生长与细胞壁结合过氧化物酶活性之间不存在相关性。结果表明，与野生植物相比，对赤霉素不敏感的矮生植物茎粗。对芽胞的理化分析表明，最大弯曲应力与纤维素含量有关。(3)细胞壁控制生长成分的筛选(Imaseki, Kamisaka, Nishitani) -酸性几丁质酶cDNA实验表明，乙烯通过作用于基因表达水平刺激酶分泌到细胞壁。二魏酸与葡萄糖醛酸阿拉伯糖木聚糖结合形成的分子间桥被发现使细胞壁机械刚性，导致细胞生长受限。(4)细胞壁三维结构分析(Kato) -提出了葡萄糖醛酸糖与鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸聚糖交联的模型。(5)功能性多糖的代谢分析(Komamine, Shibaoka, Yamaguchi) -背叛元素的分化与木糖转移酶活性的增加密切相关。生化实验表明，分离的膜质体将标记的udp -葡萄糖纳入葡聚糖中。苯甲酸对开花有诱导作用，可增加细胞壁木糖含量。少