The Formation of Renaissance Platonism and the Idea of Beauty

中世纪的柏拉图主义，这是典型的在学校的宪章在十二世纪了强烈的兴趣，在物理科学的宇宙学。但世纪以来文艺复兴人文主义者对柏拉图主义的复兴，是在对西塞罗修辞学和道德哲学问题的兴趣下发展起来的。而逐渐更多的政治成为柏拉图主义在世纪初这是有关的希腊学习复兴所看到的布吕尼和Decembrio教育Chrysoloras谁prophetaed柏拉图的“Resciliica”从希腊到拉丁文。马尔西利奥·菲奇诺和他的柏拉图学院的兴趣被描述为形而上学的。自Gemietos Plethon的教义琐罗亚斯德和Orphism和毕达哥拉斯这是所谓的“prisca神学”是混合与柏拉图主义。菲奇诺是下赫尔墨斯和新柏拉图主义的影响。皮科·德拉·米兰多拉对卡巴拉的尊敬不亚于对柏拉图和亚里士多德的尊敬，文艺复兴时期的柏拉图主义就这样趋向于融合。在这一转变过程中，始终伴随着审美趣味。事实上，它对文艺复兴时期的文学和美术产生了巨大的影响。文艺复兴时期的柏拉图主义者所追求的世界不再是“上帝之城”，也不再是商业社会，而只是一个乌托邦式的“文学复兴”。

The medieval Platonism which is seen typically at the school of Chartre in the twelfth century took a strong interest in physical science as cosmology. But the revival of Plationism by Renaissance humanists since Petrarch in the fourteenth century was developed under the interest in problems on Ciceeronian rhetoric and moral philosophy. And gradually more political became the Platonism in the early fifteenth century which was related to the revival of Greek learning as seen in Bruni and Decembrio educated by Chrysoloras who transltaed Plato's "Respublica" from Greek into Latin. The interest of Marsilio Ficino and his Academia Platonica is characterised as metaphysical. Since Gemistos Plethon the teachings of Zoroaster and of Orphism and Pythagroeans which were called "prisca theologia" were mingled with Platonism.Ficino was much under the influence of Hermetism and Neo-platonism. And Pico della Mirandola had as much high regard for Cabala as for Plato and Aristotle.In this way Renaissance Platonism tended toward syncretism. It was Always accompanied with the esthetic interest throughout such transformation. In fact it gave great influence to literature and beaux arts in the Renaissance. The world aimed by Renessance Platonists was neither longer the "City of God" nor yet the commercial society but just an utopian "Respublica litteraria".