Spectrophotometric Studies on the Primary Processes of Photosynthesis

利用各种分光光度法研究了光合作用的主要过程，即能量传递、光化学和电子传递。所使用的材料包括从光合细菌、蓝藻、藻类和高等植物中分离出来的光收集色素蛋白和光化学活性制剂。通过将chl a添加到chl耗尽的PS I粒子中成功地重构了P-700，并且首次发现了天线chl稳定PS I配合物的结构作用（42）。P-700的微分吸收系数被证明是高度可变的，因为在洗涤剂处理的PS I制剂中，天线chl a的电致变色带移（1,7）。一个稳定的Dl-D2-cyt。制备了B-559配合物，并建立了亚基蛋白和结合色素的化学计量学（15）。研究了各种合成醌与PS I （phylloquinone site）和PS II （*_B site）的醌结合位点的结合，并确定了影响各自位点结合亲和力的结构参数（24,25）。在灭活析氧材料中发现了一个暗稳定的S2 EPR信号和一个由光照下S2信号衍生的新EPR信号（17,19）。在很大程度上提高了析氧的光激活效率（21,22），并且在光激活过程中显示出His^+作为Mn的氧化剂（27）。首先确定了热释光的发射光谱（24,25）。从类胡萝卜素到细菌的能量转移效率随着类胡萝卜素共轭双键链的长度和扭曲构象的增加而降低（54）。各种光合生物的能量传递被深入研究（64-72）。

The Primary processes, i.e., energy transfer, photochemistry and electron transport of photosynthesis were investigated with a wide variety of spectrophotometric techniques. The materials used involved light-harvesting pigment-proteins and photochemically active preparations isolated from photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae and higher plants.P-700 was successfully reconstituted by adding chl a to chl-depleted PS I Particles and a structural role of antenna chl to stabilize PS I complexes was found for the first time (42). The differential absorption coefficient of P-700 was shown to be highly variable due to an electrochromic band shift of antenna chl a in detergent-treated PS I preparations (1,7). A stable Dl-D2-cyt. b-559 complex was prepared and the stoichiometry of subunit proteins and bound pigments were established (15).Binding of various synthetic quinones to quinone-binding sites of PS I (phylloquinone site) and PS II (*_B site) were investigated and structural parameters affecting the binding affinities of respective sites were determined (24, 25). A dark-stable S2 EPR signal and a new EPR signal derived from the S2 signal on illumination were found in inactivated oxygen evolving prepararions (17, 19). Efficiency of photoactivation of oxygen evolution was improved to a geat erxtent (21, 22) and His^+ was shown to serve as an oxidant of Mn during photoactivation (27). The emission spectrum of thermoluminescence was firstly determined (24, 25). Efficiency of energy transfer from carotenoids to bacteriochl was shown to decrease with increasing length and a distorted conformation of the conjugated double bond chains of carotenoids (54). Energy transfer in various photosynthetic organisms were intensively studied (64-72).