Development of a Very High Pressure Injection System for Diesel Engines

柴油发动机超高压喷射系统的开发

• 批准号: 01850048
• 负责人: IKEGAMI Makoto
• 金额: $ 5.57万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01850048/
• 关键词: Diesel Engine; High Pressure Injection; Convergent Pipe; Simulation; Reducing Particulates; Injection Pump; 燃料噴射; 微粒子; 油撃作用

To reduce particulates and oxides of nitrogen emitted from diesel engines, much efforts are being made to realize the high pressure injection systems. This is because injection at pressures much higher than those of ordinary diesel engines effectively promotes mixing of the injected fuel and the surrounding air, thereby reducing the heterogeneity which greatly affects the formation of soot and carbonaceous matter. However, it is usual that one confronts difficulties, such as fuel leakage and abnormal injections, when an ordinary injection system is converted to a high-pressure system. Similar difficulties are associated even at novel injection systems such as unit injectors and ones that use a booster piston.In the present study, a new injection system is proposed to remove these difficulties in attaining high-pressure injection. Basically, this system uses the hydraulic ram in boosting pressure, relying on a tapered convergent pipe that has a larger inlet cross-sectional area and a sm … More aller outlet cross-sectional area. A low fluid-dynamic impedance at the inlet affords to strongly accelerate a free-piston hammer by which a plunger is driven, and this leads to a very high hydraulic pressure at the other end of a higher impedance. The first part of this study deals with how the convergent tube boosts the hydraulic pressure at the outlet where the injection nozzle is installed. The analysis is based on the method of characteristics for one-dimensional wave propagation. The results show that the ram effect can successfully be used as a pressure booster in the injection system. Next, the high-pressure injection system that uses a convergent tube is studied based on computer simulation taking into account every dynamic effect, for two types of free-piston hammer pumps operated semi- and full-hydraulically. Both pumps are featured by an electro-magnetic control to initiate the motion of the hammer, to enable precise control of injection timing. The results well suggest a capability of attaining a very high pressure injection and also exhibit many advantages compared to conventional injection systems. Less

为了减少柴油机排放的颗粒物和氮氧化物，人们正在努力实现高压喷射系统。这是因为在比普通柴油发动机高得多的压力下喷射有效地促进了喷射燃料和周围空气的混合，从而减少了极大地影响烟灰和含碳物质形成的不均匀性。然而，当普通喷射系统转换成高压系统时，通常会遇到困难，例如燃料泄漏和异常喷射。类似的困难，甚至在新的喷射系统，如单体喷油器和那些使用增压活塞。在本研究中，提出了一种新的喷射系统，以消除这些困难，在实现高压喷射。基本上，该系统使用液压柱塞来增压，依靠具有较大入口横截面积和较小入口横截面积的锥形收敛管。 ...更多信息 阿勒的出口横截面积。在入口处的低流体动力学阻抗使得驱动柱塞的自由活塞锤强烈加速，并且这导致在较高阻抗的另一端处的非常高的液压压力。本研究的第一部分是关于收缩管如何提升喷嘴出口处的水压。分析是基于一维波传播的特征方法。结果表明，冲压效应可以成功地用作喷射系统中的增压器。其次，基于计算机仿真，考虑到每一个动态效应，为两种类型的自由活塞锤式泵半液压和全液压操作的高压喷射系统，使用收敛管进行了研究。这两种泵的特点是电磁控制，以启动锤的运动，使精确控制喷射定时。结果很好地表明了获得非常高的压力注入的能力，并且与传统的注入系统相比还表现出许多优点。少

项目成果

IKEGAMi,M.: "Combustion Chamber Shape and Pressurized Injection in HighーSpeed DirectーInjection Diesel Engines" SAE Technical Paper Series. No.900400. 1-15 (1990)

IKEGAMi, M.：“高速直喷柴油发动机中的燃烧室形状和加压喷射”SAE 技术论文系列第 900400 号（1990 年）。

M. Ikegami: "Combustion Chamber Shape and Pressurized Injection in High-Speed Direct-Injection Diesel Engines" SAE Technical Paper Series. No. 900400. 1-15 (1990)

M. Ikegami：“高速直喷柴油机中的燃烧室形状和加压喷射”SAE 技术论文系列。

山根浩二: "弾性体を用いて駆動する燃料噴射ポンプ" 日本機械学会第67期通常総会講演会. (1990)

山根浩二：“利用弹性体驱动的燃油喷射泵”在日本机械工程学会第 67 届普通大会上的演讲（1990 年）。

池上詢: "縮小管を利用した燃料噴射の高圧化" 第8回内燃機関合同シンポジウム講演論文集. 57-62 (1990)

Akira Ikegami：“使用减压管增加燃油喷射压力”第八届内燃机联合研讨会论文集 57-62 (1990)。

M.Ikegami: "Combustion Chamber Shape and Pressurised Injection in High-Speed Direct-Injection Diesel Engines" SAE Paper. NO.900440. (1990)

M.Ikegami：“高速直喷柴油机中的燃烧室形状和加压喷射”SAE 论文。