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Diesel Exhaust Clarification by a High-Pressure Injection in Combination with Selective Exhaust Gas Recirculation

通过高压喷射结合选择性废气再循环来净化柴油机废气

基本信息

批准号：
04555048
负责人：
IKEGAMI Makoto
金额：
$ 10.24万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This study dealt with a novel diesel engine system that uses high-pressure injection and selective exhaust gas recirculation, with an objective of finding out the possibility of a significant reduction of particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen from diesel engines. A High-pressure injection offers an effective means to reduce particulates. For this reason, a fully electronic controlled high-pressure injection system was first developed. The system uses hydraulic spool acceleration and oil-hammering in a convergent pipeline. The characteristics of this injection system were investigated in detail. Tests were made using the injection system at a direct-injection diesel engine with optimal nozzle-orifice determined by theoretical study. The result shows that particulate matter at a higher load and oxides of nitrogen at middle load are reduced successfully on account of the fact that the injection pressure increases with the engine load. According to observations of diesel flame by high- … More speed photography, fluctuations of flame luminosity is reduced at high-pressure injection.A further reduction of oxides of nitrogen is intended to use selective exhaust gas recirculation using triatomic gases of carbon dioxide and water both being extracted from the exhaust. These triatomic gases have higher heat capacity and as a result combustion temperature is well reduced enough to suppress nitric oxides. To establish the selective water recirculation, system, effects of the introduction of water or moisture in intake air on reduction of oxides of nitrogen were first investigated experimentally. Based on the results, prediction were made for the effect of recirculation of water that is condensed from exhaust gas for various engine loads. It was found that a remarkable reduction of nitric oxide is obtainable at higher loads, because of greater extraction of water from exhaust. Furthermore, the recirculation system of carbon dioxide in exhaust gas was designed. The system employed monoethanohl-amine solvent as chemical absorbance. A prototype system of selective recirculation combined with high-pressure injection system is established successfully. Less

本研究涉及一种新型的柴油机系统，使用高压喷射和选择性废气再循环，找出从柴油机的颗粒物和氮氧化物的显着减少的可能性的目标。高压喷射是减少微粒的有效手段。为此，首先开发了完全电子控制的高压喷射系统。该系统采用液压阀芯加速和油击在收敛管道。详细研究了该喷射系统的特性。在理论研究确定的最佳喷孔结构下，在直喷式柴油机上进行了试验。结果表明，由于喷油压力随发动机负荷的增加而增加，在高负荷时颗粒物和中负荷时氮氧化物的排放量都得到了有效的降低。本文根据高超声速燃烧器对柴油机火焰的观察， ...更多信息在高速摄影中，火焰亮度的波动在高压喷射时减小。氮氧化物的进一步减少旨在使用选择性废气再循环，该选择性废气再循环使用从废气中提取的二氧化碳和水的三原子气体。这些三原子气体具有较高的热容量，因此燃烧温度降低得足以抑制氮氧化物。为了建立选择性水再循环系统，首先实验研究了进气中引入水或湿气对氮氧化物还原的影响。根据计算结果，对不同负荷下废气冷凝水的再循环效果进行了预测。发现在较高负荷下可获得一氧化氮的显著减少，这是因为从排气中提取更多的水。设计了废气中二氧化碳的再循环系统。该系统采用单乙醇-胺溶剂作为化学吸光度。成功地建立了选择性再循环与高压喷射相结合的原型系统。少