Taxonomic Reassessment of Armillariella Mellea in Japan

研究了日本蜜环菌（Armillariella mellea）的交配互亲和性及其形态、生态和培养特性，以明确其分类。从61株担子果中分离得到的单孢子菌株进行的交配试验表明，日本“A. mellea”至少由6个不育群组成（分别暂定为A、B、C、D、E和AM）。它们在形态上是可区分的。担子基部钳状连接的存在与否、孢子盖上鳞片的性质、担子果的习性、环的性质和孢子盖的颜色是在形态学上区分不育群的主要因素。结果表明，A组、C组和AM组在结果季节、生境、基质等生态特征上存在差异。在每组（PDA和2% MEA， 25℃，黑暗，30天）的二倍体分离物的培养中，AM组在PDA和MEA上都表现出典型的菌落大体形态，并且在这一特征上很容易与其他组区分。根据形态学和生态学特征，AM组和C组分别鉴定为蜜环菌（Armillaria mellea, Vahl: Fr.） Kummer s. str.)和A. ostoyae (Romagnesi) Herink。B组和E组分别被认为是新种。A群和D群的命名法仍然不确定，尽管前者和后者分别与A. lutea Gillet和A. cepistipes Velenovsky相似。

Mating intercompatibility and morphological, ecological, and cultural characters were studies on Armillariella mellea (= Armillaria mellea) sensu lato in Japan to clarify its taxonomy. Mating tests with monosporous isolates obtained from 61 basidiocarps showed that the Japanese "A. mellea" is composed of at least six intersterile groups (tentatively designated as A, B, C, D, E, and AM, respectively). They were morphologically distinguishable each other. The presence or absence of clamp-connections at the base of basidium, nature of scales on the pileus, habit of the basidiocarp, nature of the annulus, and color of the pileus were found to be primary significant in separating the intersterile groups morphologically. Ecological characters such as the fruiting season, habitat, and substrate seemed to be distinctive in group A, group C, and group AM. In cultures of diploid isolates belonging to each group (on PDA and 2% MEA, at 25 C in the darkness, in 30 days), group AM showed characteristic gross morphology of colony on both PDA and MEA and were easily distinguished from other groups in this character. Based on morphological and ecological characters, group AM and group C were identified as Armillaria mellea (Vahl : Fr.) Kummer s. str. and A. ostoyae (Romagnesi) Herink, respectively. Group B and group E were considered to be a new species, respectively. Nomenclature of group A and group D remained uncertain, although the former and the latter are similar to A. lutea Gillet and A. cepistipes Velenovsky, respectively.