Suppression of corneal graft rejection in rabbits by local administration of immunosuppressive agents.

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Corneal graft rejection is one of the leading causes of failure in corneal graft surgery. A significant improvement in the success rate in organ transplantation was achieved by the introduction of a new, powerful immunosuppressant, ciclosporin. The purpose of our research is to find the effect on the suppression of corneal graft rejection in rabbit by local administration of new immunosuppressive agents.(1) Ciclosporin (CYA) The vehicles of CYA eye drops which had been reported in the past study were oil solutions. We found that the drug with the greatest penetrating ability into the cornea was CYA with alph - cyclodextrin (alpha - CD), compared with the previous reports. 7mm exchange penetrating keratoplasties were performed on 10 pairs of rabbits. Group I consisting of 10 eyes was given 0.025% CYA eye drops. Group II consisting of 10 eyes was given only 40 mg/ml of alpha - CD. Both eye drops were given 4 times daily. 100 days after grafting, all 10 eyes in CYA treated groups remained clear and 4 eyes out of 10 in control group remained clear. In second study, 7 opaque grafts of rabbits were performed regraft and were given CYA topically 4 times daily. In third study, we treated with CYA eye drops at the onset of graft rejection. Five eyes out of 7 were at early stage of rejection and other two eyes were at late stage. All five eyes at early stage stopped rejection and remained clear, but two eyes at late stage became cloudy with vascularization.(2) FK - 506 Seven opaque grafts of rabbits were performed regraft and were given 0.1 mg/kg FK - 506 subconjunctival injection once a week. 6 eyes out of 7 remained clear 100 days after re - grafting.