Overturning and Derailment of Railway Vehicles by Lateral Track Movements

本研究探讨了在大地震或强风中可能发生的横向轨道运动所激发的铁路车辆的安全性和性能。这些研究具有实际意义，特别是对于在大跨度悬索桥上高速行驶的铁路车辆的安全，因为这些车辆可能受到被桥梁高度放大的激励水平。本研究建立了两类试验模型，并对两类模型在水平振动轨道上的动力响应进行了站立和运行两种工况的试验研究。因此，对于一定频率范围内的某些激励，可以观察到两种振动模式，即滚动和摇摆响应。这两种模式之间存在跳跃现象。在此基础上，详细分析了其在摇摆和倾覆过程中的行为。为了解释实验结果，考虑了两种数学模型。对每个模型建立了非线性运动微分方程，并利用高速计算机进行了数值求解。结果表明，两种分析模型都能很好地解释实验结果。

This study investigates the safety and performance of railway vehicles excited by lateral track movements which could occur during large earthquakes or strong winds. Such studies have practical importance, especially for the safety of railway vehicles running at very high speeds on long-span suspension bridges, because these vehicles may be subject to levels of excitation that are highly amplified by the bridge. Two types of test models are constructed in this study, and the dynamic response of these models on horizontally vibrating tracks is investigated experimentally under both standing and running conditions. As a result, for the some excitation within a certain range of frequencies, two modes of vibration, i.e., rolling and rocking responses, are observed. A jump phenomenon between these two modes is recognized. The behaviors during rocking and overturning are then examined in detail. In order to explain the experimental results, two kinds of mathematical models are considered. For each model, the nonlinear differential equations of motion are developed, and their numerical solutions are obtained by high-speed computers. It is concluded that both analytical models are useful to explain the experimentally obtained results.