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Biochemical Studies on Smoltification of Salmon

鲑鱼银化作用的生化研究

基本信息

批准号：
01560215
负责人：
HARA Akihiko
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Young anadoromous salmonids are known to migrate from the river to the sea after smoltification (parr-smolt transformation). Smoltification is a complex phenomenon comprised of various morphological, physiological and behavioral changes. In the body13EA\ : 'silvering' phenomenon, guanine is accumulated in the skin under regulation by thyroid hormone. This research is relevant to our basic understanding of the parr-smolt transformation from the point-of-view of biochemical mechanisms.We analyzed serum proteins during parr-smolt transformation (May-June) of masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting using a rabbit antiserum raised against smolt serum. A new protein (mol. wt. 43,000-50,000, p1 5.0-5.5) appeared in serum of smolt but not parr. This protein seems to be a smolt-specific serum protein. Four guanine-binding proteins were observed in parr or smolt serum by immunoelectrophoresis and autoradiography using radioactive guanine. The smolt-specific protein and guanine-binding protein may be related.The correlation between purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNPase) activity in liver of steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and smoltification stages was studied. It was found that changes of purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity in the liver wer13EA\ : e closely associated with the accumulation of guanine in the skin of steelhead trout. Two separated peaks of activity were found. The first peak occured during March to April and the second peak was seen in late May, which was corresponded to the fi13EA\ : rst accumulation of guanine and the restoration of guanine caused by descalation, respectively. These results strongly suggest that the liberation of guanine in liver was correleated to phenotype of parr-smolt transformation in anadromous steelhead trout.

幼鲑在银化（parr-smolt转化）后从河流迁移到海洋。阴燃是一个复杂的现象，包括各种形态，生理和行为的变化。在体内13 EA\：'镀银'现象，鸟嘌呤在甲状腺激素的调节下积累在皮肤中。本研究从生化机制的角度对幼鲑幼鲑转化过程中的血清蛋白进行了双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和蛋白质印迹分析。一种新的蛋白质（mol.重量43，000 - 50，000，p15.0 -5.5）在幼鱼血清中出现，但在幼鱼血清中没有出现。这种蛋白质似乎是一种小鲑鱼特异性血清蛋白。四鸟嘌呤结合蛋白的观察parr或小鲑鱼血清免疫电泳和放射自显影使用放射性鸟嘌呤。本文研究了虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）肝脏嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶（PNDase）活性与银化阶段的相关性。结果表明，虹鳟鱼肝脏嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶活性的变化与皮肤中鸟嘌呤的积累密切相关。发现两个分离的活性峰，第一个峰出现在3 ~ 4月，第二个峰出现在5月下旬，分别对应于鸟嘌呤的第一次积累和还原引起的鸟嘌呤的恢复。这些结果表明，肝鸟嘌呤的释放与溯河产卵虹鳟幼鱼转化的表型有关。