The Central Effects of Gabanergic Neurons on Cardiovascular Function and Body Fluid Regulation.

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(1) Effects of GABA on AVP release and cardiovascular function in response to either angiotensin II (Ang II), carbachol (CB) or hypertonic saline given intracerebroventricularly (icv) as well as to either HS given iv or hemorrhagic shock.Ang II and CB increased plasma AVP and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), but GABA never affected these changes. On the other hand, increases in MABP and plasma AVP produced by HS given icv were apparently attenuated by GABA. HS given iv stimulated AVP release without increased MABP, and GABA attenuated AVP release. Increased AVP release induced by hemorrhagic shock was not suppressed by GABA. These results showed that gabanergic neurons may inhibit AVP release and an increase in MABP mediated by osmotic challenge, but not the responses to Ang II, CB and hemorrhagic shock.(2) Effects of endothelin (ET) given icv on AVP release and cardiovascular function.ET in the relatively high dose stimulated AVP and ANP release and increased MABP, but not these release in the low dose except increased MABP. These results showed that ET centrally increased blood pressure via increases in AVP release and sympathetic outflow.ses in AVP release and sympathetic outflow.