Characteristics of recent glacier variations in Patagonia, Southern Andes

安第斯山脉南部巴塔哥尼亚近期冰川变化特征

• 批准号: 02041004
• 负责人: NARUSE Renji
• 金额: $ 5.76万
• 依托单位: Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University.
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02041004/
• 关键词: Patagonia; glacier flow; glacier variation; climatic change; Upsala Glacier; Moreno Glacier; Tyndall Glacier; glacial geomorphology; 氷河消長

The project aims at investigating the processes and mechanisms of variations of Patagonian glaciers in response to climatic changes. Field researches were carried out from 9 November to 27 December 1990 at Upsala, Moreno and Tyndall glaciers in the Southern Patagonia. Analyses were made in the budget year of 1991, and the following results were obtained.1) Surface heights of glaciers : Surface profiles were obtained by the triangulation method at the ablation areas of the three glaciers. Tyndall Glacier has thinned by about 20 m from 1985 to 1990, that is a considerably large thinning rate.2) Variations in glacier fronts : Based on field observations, aerial photographs and satellite images, it became clear that Upsala Glacier has been in a recessive stage with a rate of about 500 m/year, whereas Moreno Glacier is considered to have been nearly in the equilibrium condition. An aerial photographic survey made around the Northern Icefield revealed that glaciers on the- western side have retreated in greater degree than on the eastern side.3) Ice-flow : At Upsala Glacier, a considerably rapid velocity of about 3.6 m/d was obtained near the medial moraine. Velocities along transverse lines ranged from 0.38 to 2 m/d at Moreno Glacier, and from 0.07 to 0.51 m/d at Tyndall Glacier.4) Ice thickness : Ice thicknesses were successfully obtained using an impulse radar at Tyndall Glacier, the maximum being about 600 m at 3 km from the left margin. Distribution of foliation patterns and medial moraines were also analyzed.5) Meteorological conditions : Some meteorological characteristics and ablation of ice were studied at Tyndall Glacier.6) Geomorphology : By analyzing the glacial deposits and moraine systems, variation of Upsala Glacier since the late Holocene was elucidated. Distributions of moraines and ice-scoured topography were also investigated around Tyndall Glacier.

该项目旨在调查巴塔哥尼亚冰川因气候变化而变化的过程和机制。1990年11月9日至12月27日在巴塔哥尼亚南部的Upsala、Moreno和Tyndall冰川进行了实地研究。在1991年预算年度进行了分析，得到了以下结果：1)冰川表面高度：在三个冰川消融区用三角测量法获得了表面轮廓。从1985年到1990年，廷德尔冰川减薄了约20米，这是一个相当大的减薄速度。2)冰川锋面的变化：根据野外观测、航空照片和卫星图像，很明显，厄普萨拉冰川一直处于隐性阶段，速度约为500米/年，而莫雷诺冰川被认为处于接近平衡的状态。在北部冰原周围进行的航空摄影调查显示，西侧的冰川比东侧的退缩程度更大。3)冰流：在厄普萨拉冰川，在内侧冰川附近获得了相当快的速度，约为3.6米/天。4)冰层厚度：在廷德尔冰川使用脉冲雷达成功地获得了冰层厚度，最大值在距冰缘3公里处约600米处。5)气象条件：研究廷德尔冰川的一些气象特征和冰川的消融。6)地貌：通过对冰川沉积和冰雹系统的分析，阐明了厄普萨拉冰川自晚全新世以来的变化。此外，还调查了廷德尔冰川周围的冰雹分布和冰川冲刷地形。

项目成果

Koizumi, K.: "Measurements of meteorological conditions and ablation at Tyndall Glacier, southern Patagonia, in December 1990." Bulletin of Glacier Research.10. (1992)

Koizumi, K.：“1990 年 12 月对巴塔哥尼亚南部廷德尔冰川的气象条件和消融进行的测量。”

Naruse,R.: "Outline of Glacier Research Project in Patagonia,1990." Bulletin of Glacier Research,. 10. (1992)

Naruse,R.：“巴塔哥尼亚冰川研究项目概要，1990 年”。

Aniya, M.: "Characteristics and variations of Upsala and Moreno glaciers, southern Patagonia." Bulletin of Glacier Research,. 10. (1992)

Aniya, M.：“巴塔哥尼亚南部乌普萨拉和莫雷诺冰川的特征和变化。”

Casassa,G.: "Foliation on Tyndall Glacier,southern Patagonia." Bulletin of Glacier Research,. 10. (1992)

卡萨萨，G.：“巴塔哥尼亚南部廷德尔冰川上的叶子。”

Malagnino, E.: "Variations of Upsala Glacier in southern Patagonia since the late Holocene to the present." Glaciological Researches in Patagonia, 1990. Report of the grant No. 02041004.(1992)

Malagnino, E.：“巴塔哥尼亚南部乌普萨拉冰川自全新世晚期至今的变化。”