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The comparative studies on brain structures based on different echolocation sound of bats

基于不同回声定位声的蝙蝠大脑结构比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
02044006
负责人：
KAMEDA Kazuo
金额：
$ 7.42万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University School of Dentistry
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of the project is to confirm that the functional structure of mastached bats also appears in the other species bats living in northern America, Europe or Japan. Such a fine cortical organization was found mainly in mastached bat from Central America by Nobuo Suga. The project invited Henning Scheich from Germany to get informations about the method of 2-DG and his findings in rodents as well as supported the communication with Suga continuously.The project also sent two of the members to Suga's laboratory and performed neurophysiological experiments in mastached bats. The study elucidated that there were a few cases in auditory cortex in which the neurons located in different cortical areas fired synchronously. The synchronization is interesting because the brain seems to integrate the sensory information in cortex. The other member studied about FM bats and found that there are neurons which represent differential firing to stimuli whose frequency is different. A member studied the responsibility of pontine neurons to sounds coming from various direction in north American FM bats and found they are more sensitive to the sounds from center rather than from peripheral direction.Two members went to Germany and studied anatomical structure of bats related to rodents using HRP methods. The study clarified the neuronal connections between medial geniculate body and auditory cortex.The vocalization sounds of Japanese bats and auditory threshold curves of CF-FM bats were analyzed also. The sound structures were similar to other species of bats living in northern and central America or Europe, which indicated that the functional structures of bats seem to be common among all species of bats performing echolocation using ultrasounds.

该项目的目的是确认mastached蝙蝠的功能结构也出现在生活在北方美国，欧洲或日本的其他物种蝙蝠中。这种精细的皮层组织主要是由菅伸夫在中美洲的大耳蝠身上发现的。该项目邀请了来自德国的Henning Scheich，了解2-DG的方法和他在啮齿类动物中的发现，并持续支持与Suga的交流。该项目还派遣了两名成员到Suga的实验室，在Mastached蝙蝠身上进行神经生理学实验。本研究阐明了在听皮层中存在少数位于不同皮层区域的神经元同步放电的情况。这种同步性很有趣，因为大脑似乎在皮层整合感觉信息。另一个成员研究了FM蝙蝠，发现有神经元代表着对频率不同的刺激的差异放电。一名成员研究了北美FM蝙蝠脑桥神经元对来自各个方向的声音的反应，发现它们对来自中央的声音比来自周边方向的声音更敏感。两名成员前往德国，使用HRP方法研究了与啮齿动物相关的蝙蝠的解剖结构。本研究阐明了内侧膝状体与听觉皮层之间的神经联系，并对日本蝙蝠的发声和CF-FM蝙蝠的听阈曲线进行了分析。声音结构与生活在北方和中美洲或欧洲的其他种类的蝙蝠相似，这表明蝙蝠的功能结构似乎在所有种类的蝙蝠中是共同的，使用超声波进行回声定位。