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Studies on Immunopathological, Epidemiological Analysis and Control of Schistosomiasis Japonica in the Endemic Area Around Dong-Ting Lake.

环洞庭湖流行区日本血吸虫病免疫病理学、流行病学分析及防治研究。

基本信息

批准号：
02044168
负责人：
KAGEI Noboru
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
National Institute of Health
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To analyze the epidemiological situation, three kinds of schistosomiasis foci, the areas in low prevalent phase (A) and (B) and the area in high prevalent phase (C) in the endemic area around the Dong-ting Lake, were selected. Prevalences of the disease were 20.6% and 18.9% in the two foci (A) and (B), respectively, but about 50% in the focus (C). In the foci (A) and (B), the positive rate was high among the people engaged in agriculture, whereas fishermen and pupils in the focus (C) were highly positive on faecal examination. The relation between the number of eggs per faeces and the symptoms was clearly significant. The disease was also found at high prevalence rate in some domestic animals such as cattle, pigs, dogs and cats. The need for managing the infected animals under the control measures should be stressed.We investigated the change of serum antibodies in patients treated with Praziquantel. The data suggested that the successful treatment resulted in remarkable decrease of the antibody titer. The tests for serum antibody by highly specific techniques such as ELISA and Western-Blotting seemed useful for evaluation of the effect of the treatment and for seroepidemiological analysis.We studied IgG idiotypes in sera of schistosomiasis patients in China for evaluating anti-idiotypic T cell response in vitro. There was a heterogeneity in appearance of functional idiotypes in infected sera, and the idiotypic activities were independent of treatment and antibody-titers to schistosome egg. Those results suggest that idiotypic activities might give an unique information showing the clinical difference of schistosomiasis japonica.For the purpose of vector snail control, protozoan parasites of the snail were investigated but the pathogenic ones were not found. Molluscicidal effects of some agricultural drugs were tested on the snials. The results suggest that Cartap and Tribromosalan seem to be potential molluscicides for the control of the snails

为分析流行病学状况，选取环洞庭湖流行区低流行期（A）、（B）区和高流行期（C）区3种血吸虫病疫源地。两个病灶 (A) 和 (B) 的患病率分别为 20.6% 和 18.9%，但病灶 (C) 的患病率约为 50%。疫点（A）和（B）中，从事农业的人员粪便检查阳性率较高，而疫点（C）中的渔民和小学生粪便检查阳性率较高。每次粪便中的虫卵数量与症状之间的关系明显显着。该病在牛、猪、狗、猫等家畜中也有较高的患病率。应强调在控制措施下管理受感染动物的必要性。我们调查了接受吡喹酮治疗的患者血清抗体的变化。数据表明，成功的治疗导致抗体滴度显着下降。通过ELISA和Western-Blotting等高度特异性技术检测血清抗体似乎有助于评估治疗效果和血清流行病学分析。我们研究了中国血吸虫病患者血清中的IgG独特型，以评估体外抗独特型T细胞反应。感染血清中功能独特型的出现存在异质性，并且独特型活性与治疗和血吸虫虫卵抗体滴度无关。这些结果表明，独特型活动可能提供显示日本血吸虫病临床差异的独特信息。为了控制媒介钉螺，对钉螺的原生动物寄生虫进行了调查，但没有发现致病寄生虫。在蜗牛身上测试了一些农用药物的杀软体动物效果。结果表明，杀螟丹和三溴沙兰似乎是控制蜗牛的潜在软体动物杀剂