Screening and Chemical Studies of New Cell Functions-regulating Natural Products.

对近200种中药进行了离体鸡视网膜神经元突起生长活性的研究，并从驱虫大风子（Hydnocarpus anthelminitica（S.Marumo））的热水提取物中分离得到了具有生物活性的寡糖。从微生物发酵产物中筛选出能阻断蛋白质磷酸化或去磷酸化反应的酶抑制剂，分离出4个新的激酶抑制剂星孢菌素类化合物和一个新的磷酸酶抑制剂互变霉素（k.Isono）。利用大鼠肝微粒体和神经细胞杂交瘤进行生物测定，在微生物产品中寻找抗氧化剂，分离出9种新的活性化合物，包括萘和底花青，并阐明了其结构和生物活性（H.濑户）。为了改善由血液中变性脂蛋白释放的胆固醇的酯化引起的动脉硬化，在微生物产品中寻找胆固醇酯酶的有效抑制剂， ...更多信息 和ikarugamycin等三个活性化合物的分离、结构鉴定和作用机制的研究。（A.Endo）。从链霉菌Favolus arcularius（T.别府）中分离到一种新的子实体诱导剂，命名为担子醌，并对其结构和生物活性进行了鉴定。从一种粘液细菌中分离得到新的粘病毒素类抗生素，从一种寡营养链霉菌中分离得到新的蒽环类抗生素。前一种化合物显示出抑制革兰氏阴性菌（K.Izaki）的细胞壁生物合成。本文建立了一种新的筛选微生物制品中免疫调节物质的体外分析系统，并利用该系统分离了一种迟发型超敏反应的优先抑制剂，经鉴定为L-156，602，一种C5 a受体拮抗剂（M.Yamazaki）。从死亡谷湖泥中分离到一株新的嗜盐链霉菌，命名为Actinolyspora vallismortis，从其发酵液中分离到一种抗生素，经鉴定为普利卡西丁（K.Horikoshi）。少

About two hundreds species of Chinese volk medicines were examined for in vitro neurite outgrowth activity of chicken retina neurons, and bioactive oligosaccharide was isolated from the hot water extract of Hydnocarpus anthelminitica(S.Marumo). Screening of enzyme inhibitors that block protein-phosphorylation or dephosphorylati on reaction was carried in microbial products, and new four staurosporin-related compounds were isolated as a kinase inhibitor, and tautomycin as a new phosphatase inhibitor(k.Isono). Antioxidative agents were searched in microbial products using bioassays with rat liver microsome and nervous cell hybridoma, resulting in the isolation of new nine active compounds, including naphtherpin and benthocyanin, whose structures and bioactivity were elucidated(H.Seto). To improve arterial sclerosis that was caused by estrification of liberated cholesterol from denatured lipoprotein in bloods, potent inhibitors of cholesterol esterase were searched in microbial products, … More and ikarugamycin and other three acive compounds isolated, their structures elucidated, and their mode of action investigated.(A.Endo). A new inducer, named basidifferquinone, for fruiting body formation of Basidiomycetes Favolus arcularius was isolated from a streptomyces strain, and its structure and bioactivity were elucidated(T.Beppu). New myxovirescin-like antibiotic was isolated from a slime bacterium, and new anthracycline-type antibiotic from an oligotrophic Streptomyces strain. The former compounds was shown to inhibit cell wall biosynthesis of gram negative bacteria(K.Izaki). A novel in vitro assay system for screening of immunomodulating substances in microbial products was developed, and by using this system a preferential suppressor of delayed-type hypersensitivity was isolated, being identified as L-156,602, a C5a receptor antagonist(M.Yamazaki). New halophilic Streptomyces specvies was isolated from Death valley lake mud, named Actinopolyspora vallismortis, from the cultured broth of which an antibiotic was isolated, being identified as a plicacetin(K.Horikoshi). Less