Production of Composite Materials Comprised Inorganic Substances and Organic Polymer Using Mechanochemical Polymerization

通过在由研磨操作产生的无机固体表面上使用自由基，尝试乙烯基单体的聚合。考察了聚合自由基的活性以及聚合与研磨速率的关系。该方法可以提高复合材料界面的化学亲和性，是一种有用的复合材料制备方法。所用样品为石英、长石等天然无机固体和石英玻璃等6种。研磨机采用的是振动球。研磨机，并且研磨罐和球均由氮化硅制成。通过在氮气气氛下在甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体溶剂中研磨样品来进行机械化学聚合。主要结果如下：（1）自由基浓度随研磨时间的延长而增加，但单位固体表面积产生的自由基浓度基本不变。（2）单体向聚合物的转化率与研磨产生的总表面积大致成比例。（3）虽然所有样品的聚合反应自由基活性都可以识别，但活性根据样品研磨而不同。（4）通过在复合粉体表面生成少量的聚合物，可以将复合粉体表面改性为疏水性。（5）聚合物与无机固体之间的内聚力估计变强。（6）惰性气体中石英表面自由基的寿命很长，可达80天以上。

Polymerization of a vinyl monomer were attempted by using radicals on the surface of inorganic solids produced by grinding operation. The activity of radicals for polymerization and the relationship between polymerization and grinding rates were investigated. This method, which may be capable of improving chemical affinity at the interface of composite materials, is considered to be applicable as a useful production of composite materials.Six kinds of samples used were natural inorganic solids such as quartz and feldspar, and silica glass. Grinding machine used was a vibration ball. mill, and both grinding pot and balls were made of silicon nitride. The mechanochemical polymerization was performed by grinding samples in methyl methacrylate monomer solvent under nitrogen atmosphere. The principal results obtained are as follows : (1)The concentration of radical increases with grinding time, but the concentration per solid surface area produced is roughly constant. (2)The conversion of monomer-to-polymer is approximately proportional to total surface area produced by grinding. (3)Although The activity of radicals of all samples for polymerization reaction can be recognized, the activity differs according to samples ground. (4)The surface of the composite powders obtained can be modified to hydrophobicity by a little polymer produced on the surface. (5)The cohesion between polymer and inorganic solids is estimated to become stronger. (6)The lifetime of radical on quartz surface in inert gas is remarkably long and more than 80 days.