Synthesis of Fungal potent auxins, accremoauxins, and their applied study on initiation and propagation of frail calli of conifers.

1)从玫瑰顶盖顶藻I42671生物拆分得到的(+)-2-(3-吲哚)丙酸[(+)-IPA]，经生物拆分得到(+)-2-(3-吲哚)丙酸[(+)-IPA]，合成了由Acremonum roseum I4267产生的一种新的高效生长素衍生物Acremoaux in A(AA-A)。合成的AA-A的结构为1-0-[(2S)-2-(3-吲哚)丙酰-D-阿拉伯醇]。它的相关化合物AA-B也是由二异丙叉-D-阿拉伯醇和(3-吲哚)乙酸(IAA)合成的，合成的AA-B与天然的AA-B在薄层层析(TLC)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)和核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR2)中得到了一致的结果。结果表明，愈伤组织的萌发和繁殖活动顺序如下：外植体：Sugi三倍体&GT；其二倍体&GT；赤松，生长素：NAA，2，4-D&GT；IBA，5，6-DIAA&GT；IPA，AA-A，IAA。AA-A对大白菜、生菜和燕麦幼苗的生长有明显的抑制作用，但其抑制活性弱于IPA。在对5种植物幼苗的生长抑制试验中，(+)-IPA的生长抑制率高于其对映体。然而，水稻和萝卜幼苗的生长受到(-)-IPA的高度抑制，而不是(+)-IPA。

1)Acremoauxin A(AA-A), a new potent auxin derivative produced by Acremonium roseum I4267, was synthesized from 2, 3 : 4, 5-di-0-isopropylidene-D-arabitol prepared from Dmannitol and(+)-2-(3-indolyl)propionic acid[(+)-IPA, obtained from(<plus-minus>)-IPA by biological resolution using A. roseum I42671. The synthetically confirmed structure of AA-A was 1-0-[(2S)-2-(3-indolyl)propionyll-D-arabitol. Its related compound, AA-B chromatographically detected from this fungus, was similarly synthesized from the diisopropylidene-D-arabitol and(3-indolyl)acetic acid(IAA), and synthetic AA-B was in fair agreement with natural one in TLC, HPLC and ^1H-NMR.2)Effects of the var4-ous auxins including AA-A with or without BA on the growth of the calli from Sugi and Akamatsu were investigated on the Murasige & Skoog's media. Results indicated the following orders in activities of callus initiation and propagation. Explant : Sugi triploid>its diploid>Akamatsu, auxins : NAA, 2, 4-D>IBA, 5, 6-DIAA>IPA, AA-A, IAA.3)Effects of AA-A and the enantiomers of IPA on the growth of plant seedlings were examined. AA-A markedly inhibited the growth of the seedlings of Chinese cabbage, lettuce and oat, but its inhibitory activity against these seedlings was weaker than that of IPA. In tests with 5 species of plant seedlings, (+)-IPA showed the growth inhibition higher than that of its enantiomer. Two seedlings of rice and radish, however, were highly inhibited in the growth by(-)-IPA rather than(+)-IPA.