Studies on biosynthesis and reception of gibberellin-related antheridiogens in gametophytes of schizaeaceous ferns

[^2H_2]9，15-环-GA_9和[^2H_2]3α-羟基-9，15-环-GA_9分别饲喂蕨类植物叶贫原体。对这些饲料的代谢产物进行了全扫描GC/MS分析，以确定[^2H_2]9，15-环-GA_9转化为[^2H_2]3α-羟基-9，15-环-GA_9和[^2H_2]花药酸，以及[^2H_2]3α-羟基-9，15-环-GA_9转化为[^2H_2]花药酸。这些结果表明，9，15-环-GA_9通过3α-羟基-9，15-环-GA_9生物合成花药酸。3α-羟基-9，15-环-GA_9是一种天然花药诱导剂。另一方面，没有观察到[^2H_2]9，15-环-GA_9转化为[^2H_2]GA_&lt；73&gt；甲酯(GA_&lt；73&gt；-Me)。用全扫描GC/MS联用技术，从叶海棠、紫云杉(其主要致泻剂也是药用植物)和大蒜的甲醇提取物中检测到一种新的二萜类化合物和对甲苯并呋喃。这种新的二萜类化合物可能是花椒酸和/或GA_&gt；73-Me的前体，这一可能性正在调查中。研究还表明，暗培养的日本乳杆菌原丝体掺入GA_4-Me(在10^~(-10)~(-10)M处具有诱导原丝体形成的活性)是GA_(20)-Me(比GA_4-Me低1/10)的3倍。

[ ^2H_2]9, 15-Cyclo-GA_9 and [ ^2H_2]3alpha-hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 were fed to prothallia of the fern, Anemia phyllitidis. The metabolites from these feeds were subjected to full scan GC/MS to confirm the conversion of [ ^2H_2]9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 into [ ^2H_2]3alpha-hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 and [ ^2H_2]antheridic acid, and of [ ^2H_2]3alpha-hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 into [ ^2H_2]antheridic aced. These results indicated that antheridic acid is biosynthesized from 9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 via 3alpha -hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 in A. phyllitidis. 3alpha -Hydroxy-9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 was shown to be a native antheridiogen. On the other hand, the conversion of [ ^2H_2]9, 15-cyclo-GA_9 into [ ^2H_2]GA_<73> methyl ester(GA_<73>-Me) was not observed. A novel diterpene hydrocarbon as well as ent-kaurene were detected by full scan GC/MS of the methanol extracts from prothallia of A. phyllitidis, A. flexuosa (the main antheridiogen was also antheridic acid) and Lygodium japonicum. The possibility that the novel diterpene is a precursor of antheridic acid and/or GA_<73>-Me is now under investigation. It was also shown that dark-grown protonemata of L. japonicum incorporated GA_4-Me (active in inducing antheridium formation in L. japonicum protonemata at 10^<-10> M) 3 times more than GA_<20>-Me (ca 1/10^<-4> less active than GA_4-Me).