Biochemical Analysis of The Early Japanese Quail's Embryos Showing Inbreeding Depression

早期日本鹌鹑胚胎的生化分析显示近交衰退

• 批准号: 02660277
• 负责人: SATO Katsunori
• 金额: $ 0.58万
• 依托单位: Okayama University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02660277/
• 关键词: Inbreeding depression; Early embryo; Japanese Quail; Biochemistry; Enzyme Activity; Free amino acid; Nucleaside; Protein; グルコ-ス6ーリン酸デヒドロゲナ-ゼ; アミノ酸の取り込み; ヌクレオシドの取り込み

In order to determine the cause of inbreeding depression in the early developmental stage in Japanese quail, free amino acids of yolk, enzyme activities, contents of protein and nucleic acids, and incorporations of amino acids and nucleoside(thymidine, uridine)into embryos were analyzed biochemically in this study. Prior to biochemical examination, embryonic mortality was examined. The marked high embryonic mortality in the early developmental stage was found in the full-sib mating group and increased remarked with inbreeding. Furthermore, the decrease in the cell division and proliferation of the early embryos was found in the full-sib mating group by morphological examination. The free amino acids of yolk in the full-sib mating group were lower in contents than random mating group, showing the large differences at the 3rd generation.Hexokinase, phosphorylase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities were significantly lower in the full-sib mating group and decreased with inbreeding. The relationships between these enzyme activities and embryonic development were found in the two mating groups. The marked reduced contents of protein, DNA and RNA were observed in the full-sib mating group when compared with random mating group. Lower values of protein/DNA and RNA/DNA in 2 days embryos were also found in the full-sib mating group. Incorporations of ^<14>C-glycine, leucine, glutamic acid, and ^3H-thymidine and uridine into embryos were depressed in the full-sib mating group. RNA analysis of the early embryos did not succeed because of technical problem and will be advanced further.These results indicate that the increase of embryonic mortality and retardation in the full-sib mating group might be caused by the lack of free amino acids and the decrease in the metabolic function related to enzyme, protein and nucleis acid synthesis.

为了确定日本鹌鹑发育早期近交抑制的原因，本研究对卵黄游离氨基酸、酶活性、蛋白质和核酸含量、氨基酸和核苷（胸苷、尿苷）在胚胎中的掺入情况进行了生化分析。生化检查前，检查胚胎死亡率。在全同胞交配组中发现了发育早期明显的高胚胎死亡率，并且随着近亲繁殖而增加。此外，形态学检查发现全同胞交配组早期胚胎的细胞分裂和增殖减少。全同胞配种组蛋黄游离氨基酸含量低于随机配种组，3代差异较大。己糖激酶、磷酸化酶和葡萄糖6-磷酸脱氢酶活性在全同胞交配组显著降低，随近亲交配而降低。在两个交配组中发现了这些酶的活性与胚胎发育之间的关系。与随机交配组相比，全同胞交配组的蛋白质、DNA和RNA含量明显降低。全同胞交配组2天胚的蛋白质/DNA和RNA/DNA比值均较低。全同胞交配组胚胎中c -甘氨酸、亮氨酸、谷氨酸、胸腺嘧啶和尿嘧啶的掺入量明显下降。由于技术问题，早期胚胎的RNA分析没有成功，将进一步推进。这些结果表明，全同胞交配组胚胎死亡率和发育迟缓的增加可能是由于缺乏游离氨基酸和与酶、蛋白质和核酸合成有关的代谢功能下降所致。

项目成果

Hedianto, Y. E., K. Sato and T. Ino: "Embryonic development in inbred and hybrid quail" Anim. Sci. Technol. (Jpn). 62. 7-11 (1991)

Hedianto、Y. E.、K. Sato 和 T. Ino：“近交和杂交鹌鹑的胚胎发育”动画。

Sato, K.: "Inbreeding depression in Japanese quail" J. Deuterium compound in Medical Science. 2. 38-40 (1991)

Sato, K.：“日本鹌鹑的近交衰退”J.医学科学中的氘化合物。

佐藤 勝紀・藤本 佐恵子・猪 貴義: "ニホンウズラの近交初期胚におけるヘキソキナ-ゼとホスホリラ-ゼの酵素活生値" 日本家離学会誌.

Katsunori Sato、Saeko Fujimoto和Takayoshi Ino：“日本鹌鹑早期近交胚胎中己糖激酶和磷酸化酶的酶活性值”日本研究学会杂志。

Hedianto,Y.E.,K.Sato,Y.Kawamoto & T.Ino: "Mitotic activity in the inbred and hybrid quail embryos" Anim.Sci.Technol.(Jpn).62. 651-653 (1991)

Hedianto、Y.E.、K.Sato、Y.Kawamoto

Sato, K., Y. Ogawa and T. Ino: "Protein and nucleic acids in the inbred quail embryos" Anim. Sci. Technol. (Jpn).

Sato, K.、Y. Okawa 和 T. Ino：“近交鹌鹑胚胎中的蛋白质和核酸”动画。