Circulating suppressing factor for muscarinic acethylcholine receptor in patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type

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Alzheimer's disease is one of the main cause for senile dementia. In the present study, possible circulating factor, which affect the muscarinic acethylcholine receptor of the synaptic vesicle from the rat whole brain, was evaluated in the serum of 76 senile subjects (28 males and 48 females, mean <plus-minus>SD age of 78.5 <plus-minus> 8.6 years old). Their cognitive function was assessed by Mini-Mental State, and these subjects were divided into nondementic subjects with the score of 21 or more, and subjects with dementia with the score of 20 or less. The latter subjects were further divided into senile dementia with Alzheimer type (SDAT) and vascular type dementia (VD) using Hatchinski's ischemic score. The mean suppression rate of the serum from the SDAT patients on the binding of tritiated quinuclidinyl benzilate ([ ^3H]QNB), an antagonist for muscarinic acethylcholine receptor, to the rat synaptic membrane, being -13.3 <plus-minus> 6.1% of the control value, was significantly greater than that of the serum from the non-dementic subjects, being -8.9 <plus-minus> 5.0%. However, that in VD group, being -10.0 <plus-minus> 3.5%, was not significantly different from the control value. Moreover the suppression rate of the serum on the [ ^3H]QNB binding to the membrane was significantly positively correlated with the score for the Mini-Mental state (r = 0.480, p<0.01) in the SDAT group. These data support the hypothesis that circulating suppressing factor may participate in the pathogenesis of SDAT.