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Scientific Research on Genetic Resources of Major Crops and Developments of their Food Utilizations in South Asia.

南亚主要农作物遗传资源科学研究及其粮食利用发展。

基本信息

批准号：
03041077
负责人：
FUKUDA Ichiro
金额：
$ 3.84万
依托单位：
Tokyo Woman's Christian University, Zempukuji, Suginami, Tokyo 167
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Our expedition for Nepal and Bhutan was carried out according schedule.[Date][Research Area]Sept. 6-7 Tokyo-Bangkok-KathmanduSept. 8-22, 1991 Kathmandu, Pokhara, Naudhara, Chandorakot-and GhandrungSept. 22-24, 1991 Kathmandu-ParoSept. 24-Oct. 1, 1991 Paro, Thimphu, Wongdi, Phodorang and TongsaOct. 2-6, 1991 Paro-Khathmandu-Bangkok-TokyoResearch DataGenetic resources of rice in Nepal and BhutanRice plants are grown mostly in terraced paddy fields with a little bit in upland fields. Many of rice varietis collected seems to be japonica in terms of isozyme gentype. Those in Punakha valley in Bhutan are mostly indica. Red rice, whose seed coat is reddish, is frequentl'-y seen in Paro and Thimphu vally in Bhutan. It is preferred by its sticky taste.Genetic resources of barley in Nepal and BhutanThe oriental and occidental types of six-rowed barley coexist in the Himalayan mountain region. Covered and-naked barleys were grown in Nepal, whereas only the naked barley was cultivated in Bhutan. G … More enetic differences in isozyme genotypes between Nepalese and Bhutanese Barley suggest that the Bhutanese barley had introduced from Tibet, and the Nepalese naked barley was originated from Tibet but the Nepalese covered barley is from India.Genetic resources of buckwheat in Nepal and BhutanBuckwheats are very popular crops in the Himalayan region. Common buckwheat does not differ so much in morphology and allozyme variability from that in southern china. Ohnishi discussed that common and'tartary buckwheat were born in -southern China and migrated to Bhutan and Nepal.Genetic resources of chilli in Nepal and BhutanThe Gurung people live the mountain region in the western Nepal. They had cultivated several-kinds of Chilli. Long Chilli Pepper are common in the altitude 1, 000-1, 500m, Cherry Chilli Pepper, Cone Chilli Pepper and Bird's Eye' Chilli are popular in the altitude 1, 500-2, OOOM. The Gurung people selected these landraces of Chilli as a growink adaptation. In Bhutan, Chilli is most important cultivated plants. with rice. Red Bell Chilli shows a large genetic variation according to adapting the altitude 1, 500-2, 500M.In conclusion, we found an interesting genetic' informations from the Nepalese and Bhutanese Rice, Barley, Buchwheat and Chilli, and other cultivated plants. We will try a new development for food materials on the basis of these research data in a future.ReferencesFukuda, I., E. Yamamoto. H. Satowa, T. Konishi, and M. Kimata 1983. Scientific Research on the cultivation and utilization of major crops in Nepal 1-102. The Japanese Expedition of Nepalese Agricultural Research. Internotional Academic Printing Co. Ltd. Less

我们对尼泊尔和不丹的考察按计划进行。[日期][研究领域]9月9月6-7日东京-曼谷-加德满都1991 年 8 月 22 日加德满都、博卡拉、Naudhara、Chandorakot 和 Ghandrung 1991年9月22日至24日加德满都-帕罗10 月 24 日1991 年 10 月 1 日帕罗、廷布、Wongdi、Phodorang 和 Tongsa 1991年2-6日帕罗-卡德满都-曼谷-东京研究数据尼泊尔和不丹水稻遗传资源水稻主要种植在梯田，也有少量旱地。从同工酶基因型来看，收集的许多水稻品种似乎都是粳稻。不丹普纳卡山谷的大部分是籼稻。红米的种皮呈淡红色，常见于不丹的帕罗和廷布山谷。尼泊尔、不丹大麦遗传资源喜马拉雅山区东西方类型的六棱大麦并存。尼泊尔种植有盖大麦和裸露大麦，而不丹只种植裸露大麦。尼泊尔和不丹大麦同工酶基因型的遗传差异表明，不丹大麦是从西藏引进的，尼泊尔裸大麦起源于西藏，而尼泊尔包衣大麦则来自印度。尼泊尔和不丹荞麦遗传资源荞麦是喜马拉雅地区非常受欢迎的农作物。普通荞麦在形态和等位酶变异性方面与中国南方地区的荞麦没有太大差异。 Ohnishi论述了普通荞麦和苦荞诞生于中国南部，并迁徙到不丹和尼泊尔。尼泊尔和不丹的辣椒遗传资源古隆人居住在尼泊尔西部的山区。他们种植了几种辣椒。长辣椒常见于海拔 1, 000-1, 500m，樱桃辣椒、甜筒辣椒和鸟眼辣椒常见于海拔 1, 500-2, OOOM。古隆人选择了这些辣椒的地方品种作为生长适应性。在不丹，辣椒是最重要的栽培植物。配米饭。红铃辣椒根据适应海拔1、500-2、500M表现出较大的遗传变异。总之，我们从尼泊尔和不丹的水稻、大麦、荞麦和辣椒等栽培植物中发现了有趣的遗传信息。今后我们将在这些研究数据的基础上尝试食品材料的新开发。参考文献Fukuda, I., E. Yamamoto。 H. Satowa、T. Konishi 和 M. Kimata 1983。尼泊尔主要农作物种植和利用的科学研究 1-102。日本尼泊尔农业研究考察队。国际学术印刷有限公司减