Study of Taste and Odor Recognition Systems Mimicking Gustation and Olfaction

通过模拟嗅觉或味觉来实现感知气味或味觉的客观系统已经进行了许多工作。本研究的目的是促进这些领域的研究人员的讨论和气味或味觉传感系统的实现。在第一年（1991年）举行了两次会议，项目成员在会上介绍了他们的研究和传感系统目前的研发情况。栗原介绍了近年来嗅觉和味觉方面的研究成果，冈田介绍了双层脂质材料对气味气体的分配系数及其对气味分子结构的依赖，森泉介绍了由石英晶体谐振器组成的气味吸附膜和气体流动网络系统以及传感器输出模式对气味的识别。和东京的味觉感应系统，其中味觉是通过涂有各种脂质材料的电极的潜在输出模式来识别的。吉川回顾了油水界面上出现的“More ity”及其在化学传感中的应用，川久保玲、泽田和森泉介绍了他们最近对这一现象的研究。另外，Sirae、Hiranaka和Moriizumi发表了关于如何改善半导体气体传感器特性的报告，Katsube和Shiokawa发表了关于利用半导体表面光伏效应和表面等离子体波的生物传感器的报告，Aizawa发表了关于具有多荧光光谱的化学传感器的报告。在该项目的第二年，即1992年举行了三次会议。Aihara回顾了混沌的基本方面及其在神经网络信息处理中的作用，Yamazaki介绍了传感器融合技术，该技术将多个感知信息统一起来以获得信息的总体结构。项目外的专家对这个项目非常配合；Aihara综述了嗅觉的基本概况和脑电图上出现的嗅觉反应的研究；Wachi介绍了气味的物质和化学结构、气味的语言描述及其对小组成员的训练方法；Kanzaki介绍了蚕丝素接受的神经生理学研究。这两年的研究为我们提供了大量关于嗅觉和味觉接收机制的信息，对促进人工气味或味觉感知系统的研发具有重要意义。少

Many works have been performed for realizing objective systems sensing odors or tastes by mimicking olfaction or gustation. The purpose of the present research project is to promote the discussion of the researchers in these fields and the realization of odor or taste sensing systems. In the first year (1991), two meetings were held, in which the project members described their studies and the present R&D situation of the sensing systems. Kurihara told the recent studies on olfaction and gustation, Okahata the partition coefficients of bilayer lipid materials to odor gases and their dependences on odor molecular structures, Moriizumi the systems composed of quartz-crystal resonators with odor adsorption films and gas flow network and the odor identification by the output pat- terns of the sensors, and Tokyo the taste sensing systems where tastes are recognized by the potential output patterns of the electrodes coated with various kinds of lipid materials. Yoshikawa reviewed the instbil … More ity appearing at an oil-water interface and its application to chemical sensing, and Kawakubo, Sawada and Moriizumi told their recent studies on that phenomena. Other reports on how to improve the characteristics of semiconductor gas sensors were made by Sirae, Hiranaka and Moriizumi, on the biosensors using semiconductor surface photovoltaic effects and surface plasmon waves by Katsube and Shiokawa, and on the chemical sensors with multi-fluorescence spectra by Aizawa. Three meeting were held in the Second year of the project, 1992. Aihara reviewed a basic aspect on chaos and its role in neural-network information processing, and Yamazaki the sensor fusion technology by which several perception informations are unified to obtain a total structure of in formation. The experts outside of the project were quite cooperative to this project; i.e., a basic survey on olfaction and the studies of olfactory responses appearing in electroencephalogram (EEG) were reviewed by Aihara, the materials and chemical structures of odors, lingual description of odors and its training methods for panelors were described by Wachi, and finally the neurophysiological studies on silk-worm feromone reception were lectured by Kanzaki. These two-year project gave us much information on olfactory and gustatory reception mechanisms and big impacts for promoting the R&D studies on artificial odor or taste sensing systems. Less