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Development of visualization system for dynamic gas/odor behavior-Realization of video camera for gas distribution

动态气体/气味行为可视化系统开发-气体分布摄像机的实现

基本信息

批准号：
09555121
负责人：
MORIIZUMI Toyosaka
金额：
$ 3.65万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09555121/
关键词：
Semiconductor gas sensor Quartz Crystal Microbalance plume-tracing robot Gas-video camera Optical-flow constraint equation transient sensor response Sensor array turbulent flow 小型水晶振動子 2次元センサアレイガス濃度分布可視化ガス流方向推定トレーサロックイン計測過

项目摘要

It is important to develop the sensing system for localizing an odor source since the sources of bad smell, contamination, and explosive should be rapidly found. However, the artificial system with sufficient capability has not been so far developed. Since the odor is generally carried by wind accompanied by turbulence, the behavior of its flow is very complicated. Although the robot for plume tracing previously developed by our group is available for searching the source in a room with comparably constant flow such as clean room, the reliable exploration in the outdoor field or in the room almost without the wind is difficult task for the present robot.Then, a homogeneous sensor array was introduced to visualize the dynamic gas/odor behavior instead of a few sensors previously used. When we use that sensor array, the redundant information indispensable for increasing the reliability of the direction estimation is available to suppress the influence of the turbulence.First, the sensor array configuration was optimized to obtain a clear image by the simulation. Next, the experiment on the pulse-drive semiconductor gas sensor array was performed. However, the flow direction was obtained only at the starting time for spouting vapor or at the time for stopping the vapor exposure since the recovery time from the response was not sufficient.Finally, the semiconductor gas sensor array was replaced by that of miniaturized QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) gas sensors with time constant around a second. Using that sensor array, the gas flow can be always visualized clearly and the estimation of the flow direction was successful not only inside wind tunnel but also in the clean room where the variation of the wind speed was much larger than that in the wind tunnel.

由于恶臭源、污染源、爆炸源等的快速发现，开发恶臭源定位传感系统具有重要意义，但迄今为止，还没有开发出具有足够能力的人工系统。由于恶臭气体通常是由风携带并伴有湍流，因此其流动行为非常复杂。本课题组研制的烟羽追踪机器人虽然可以在洁净室等恒定气流的环境中进行烟羽追踪，但在室外或几乎无风的环境中进行可靠的烟羽追踪是一项艰巨的任务。当我们使用该传感器阵列时，为了提高方向估计的可靠性，冗余信息是不可缺少的，可以用来抑制湍流的影响。首先，通过仿真优化了传感器阵列的配置，得到了清晰的图像。其次，对脉冲驱动半导体气敏传感器阵列进行了实验研究。但是，由于响应的恢复时间不足，只能在蒸气喷射开始时或蒸气暴露停止时获得流向。最后，用时间常数为1秒左右的小型QCM（石英晶体微天平）气体传感器代替半导体气体传感器阵列。使用该传感器阵列，气体流动可以始终清晰地可视化，气流方向的估计是成功的，不仅在风洞内，而且在洁净室中，风速的变化比在风洞中大得多。