Structures and Physics of Condensed Polymer Systems: Molecular Aspects of Physical Properties and Materials Desigro of Polymers

总结了各课题组的主要研究成果。(1)溶液中的链构象和动力学：Ishinabe，Chikahisa，Miyake和Hatano从理论上研究了聚合物链在二维、三维和广义空间以及层状空间中的构象。三宅一生从理论上研究了支化聚合物的动力学。Norisuye讨论了三体相互作用和链刚度对维里系数的影响。Teramoto研究了聚合物液晶的相平衡和半柔性聚合物在浓溶液中的粘度，Hayakawa通过交变电场下的准弹性光散射研究了聚电解质的动力学，Yamamoto通过发光的退极化研究了链的局部运动。(2)凝聚体系中的结构和动力学：Osaki通过测量应力和双折射来阐明大变形时的应力行为。Kotaka用介电弛豫法详细研究了高分子链的弛豫谱。岩田研究e…通过计算机模拟得到更多的纠缠。Kotaka和Doi从实验和理论上研究了DNA的凝胶电泳法。DOI从理论上研究了电场作用下多离子凝胶的形变。Isono、Masuda和Noda分别阐述了聚合物凝胶和聚电解质溶液的缠结结构、粘弹性性质。Ushiki用光探针方法研究了各种聚合物体系的动力学。(3)相变、相和界面结构：Izumi用中子散射研究了物理凝胶的结构，田中提出了可逆凝胶理论。科威特原、桥本和诺斯详细研究了液体混合物和聚合物体系的临界现象。Onuki和Hashimoto从理论和实验上研究了剪切流对相分离的影响。福田指出了排除体积效应对液晶行为的重要性。Ohta，Hashimoto和Matsushita从理论和实验上研究了微相分离结构及其流变性，Takahashi阐明了高分子链在界面上的构象。Shiokawa研究了聚合物在两块平板之间的链段分布。这些研究成果是通过个别调查员或其小组的研究以及与其他调查员的讨论而获得的。此外，在1991和1992财政年度每年举行一次的联合研究会议上讨论了在预印本中总结的研究成果。较少

Main research results are summerized for each research group. (1) Chain Conformation and Dynamics in Solutions: Ishinabe, Chikahisa, Miyake and Hatano studied theoretically conformations of polymer chains in 2-, 3-and generalized dimensional spaces, and in lamellate. Miyake studied theoretically dynamics of branched polymers. Norisuye discussed the effects of three-body interactions and chain stiffness on virial coefficients. Teramoto studied phase equilibrium of polymer liquid crystals and viscosity of semiflexible polymers in concentrated solutions, Hayakawa studied dynamics of polyelectrolytes by quasielastic light scattering under alternating electric field and Yamamoto studied local motions of chain by depolarization of luminescence. (2) Structures and Dynamics in Condensed Systems: Osaki elucidated stress behaviors at large deformation by measuring both stress and birefringence. Kotaka studied relaxation spectra of polymer chain in detail by dielectric relaxation. Iwata studied e … More ntanglements by computer simulation. Kotaka and Doi studied gel electrophonesis of DNA experimentally and theoretically. Doi studied theoretically the deformation of polyion gels under electric field. Isono, Masuda and Noda elucidated entanglement structures, viscoelastic properties of polymer gels and polyelectrolyte solutions, respectively. Ushiki studied dynamics of various polymer systems by photo-probe methods. (3) Phase Transition, Phase and Interface Structures: Izumi studied structures of physical gels by neutron scattering and Tanaka presented a theory of reversible gels. Kuwahara, Hashimoto and Nose studied critical phenomena of liquid mixtues and polymer systems in detail. Onuki and Hashimoto studied the effects of shear flow on phase separation theoretically and experimentally. Fukuda pointed out the importance of excluded volume effects for liquid crystal behaviors. Ohta, Hashimoto and Matsushita studied microphase-separated structures and their rheology theoretically and experimentally, Takahashi elucidated conformation of polymer chains at interface. Shiokawa studied segment distributions of polymers between two plates. These research results were obtained by the study of individual investigator or his group and the discussion with other investigators. Moreover, the research results summerized in preprints were discussed in the joint research meetings held once a year in the fiscal years of 1991 and 1992. Less