CHEMICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ORGANIC MATTER IN THE OCEAN

海洋有机物的化学和地球化学研究

• 批准号: 03403008
• 负责人: HANDA Nobuhiko
• 金额: $ 13.06万
• 依托单位: INSTITUTE FOR HYDROSPHERIC-ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03403008/
• 关键词: Dissolved Organic Carbon; Dissoved Organic Matter; High Temperature Catalitic Oxidation; Wet Oxidation; Phytoplankton Bloom; Dissolved Lipids; Dissolved Amino Acids and Proteins; Dissoved Carbohydrates; 溶存有機炭素; 湿式酸化法; 黒潮; 東シナ海; 大陸棚域; 溶存脂質; 炭

Aims of this work are to establish analytical method of determining dissolved organic carbon in the seawater and to characterize chemical nature and structure of the organic materials which were separated by variuose kinds of combined chromatography and mass spectrometry.Sea water samples collected from the East Chine Sea including the continental shelf and shelf slope areas and Kuroshio area were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon by high temperatrure catalytic oxidation (HTCO-OC) and classical wet oxidation (WO-OC). WO-OC/HTCO-OC was characteristically different from areas to areas. High values were obtained in the Kuroshio areas, while low values in the continental areas of the East China Sea, indicating that phytoplankton bloom might be playing an important role for the production of dissolved organic matter in the surface of the ocean.To solve this problems, production of dissolved organic materials by phytoplankton was pursued in the mesocosm experiment, which was conducted in the Saanich Inlet, Canada. To the mesocosm, nutients were added to cause phytoplankton bloom, in which dissolved organic carbon concentration was pursued for several weeks together with other chemical and physical parameters. We clearly found that phytoplankton produced dissolved organic matrials consisting of lipid, amino acids and proteins and carbohydrates during the course of its bloom. These organic materials exuded by phytoplankton were fully characterized chemically by variouse analytical methiods such as combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography-combusion-isotope mass spectrometry. These data obtained are now partly already submited by several journals but most of them are now under preparation for the publication.

为建立海水中溶解有机碳的分析方法，并对各种色谱-质谱联用技术分离的有机物进行化学性质和结构表征，采用高温催化氧化-质谱联用技术对东海陆架区、陆架斜坡区和黑潮区海水中溶解有机碳进行了分析氧化（HTCO-OC）和经典湿式氧化（WO-OC）。WO-OC/HTCO-OC在不同地区有不同的特点。在加拿大Saanich Inlet进行的中型生态系统实验中，浮游植物对溶解有机物的产生具有重要的作用，在黑潮区的溶解有机物的产生量较高，而在东海大陆区的溶解有机物的产生量较低。向围隔中添加营养物以引起浮游植物水华，其中溶解有机碳浓度与其他化学和物理参数一起被追踪数周。我们清楚地发现，浮游植物在其水华过程中产生了由脂质、氨基酸、蛋白质和碳水化合物组成的溶解性有机物质。利用气相色谱-质谱联用、核磁共振和气相色谱-燃烧-同位素质谱等分析方法对浮游植物分泌物进行了全面的化学表征。所获得的这些数据现在部分已经由几家期刊提交，但其中大部分正在准备出版。

项目成果

Tamihito Nishida and Nobuhiko Handa: "Experimental studies on production and degradation of greenhouse effect gases in the ocean.7.production of dissolved organic matter during the phytoplankton bloom in the mesocosm." Technical Rept.on Production of Gree

Tamihito Nishida 和 Nobuhiko Handa：“海洋中温室效应气体的产生和降解的实验研究。7.中生态浮游植物大量繁殖期间溶解有机物的产生。”

Handa,N.: "Vertical fluxes and ecological significance of Organic materials during the phytoplankton bloom in Breid Bay,Antarctica" Marine Biology. 110. (1992)

Handa,N.：“南极洲布雷德湾浮游植物大量繁殖期间有机物质的垂直通量和生态意义”海洋生物学。

Handa,N.: "Diel photosynthetic production of cellular organic matter in natural phytoplankton population 1.Monosaccharides." Marine Biology. 112. 175-181 (1992)

Handa,N.：“天然浮游植物种群中细胞有机物的昼夜光合作用生产 1.单糖。”

Hama, T et al.: "Fatty acid compostion in phtosynthetic Products of natural phytoplankton population in Lake Biwa" J. Plankton Res.14. 1055-1065 (1992)

Hama, T 等人：“琵琶湖天然浮游植物种群光合成产物中的脂肪酸组成”J. Plankton Res.14。

西田民人: "中規模閉鎖系内の植物プランクトンブルームに伴う溶存有機物の変動" 名古屋大学大学院理学研究科博士課程後期課程修士論文. 1-89 (1995)

Tamito Nishida：“中尺度封闭系统中与浮游植物水华相关的溶解有机物的变化”，名古屋大学研究生院理学硕士论文，1-89（1995）。