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Experimental Studies on Marine Green House Effect Gases

海洋温室效应气体的实验研究

基本信息

批准号：
05044049
负责人：
HANDA Nobuhiko
金额：
$ 7.84万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05044049/
关键词：
Mesocosm Green house effect gases Dimethylsulfide Methane Nitrous oxide Phytoplankton Fatty acid Dissolved organic materials 二酸化炭素栄養塩

项目摘要

It has been interested in determining methane and nitrous oxide as well as carbon dioxide in the marine environment because these gases give extensive effect on the warming of global atmosphere. Therefore many attempts have been made to make clear the production and fate of these gases in the marine environments, however these processes are still obscure so far.Aims of this work is three fold, primarily to determine production of these green house effect gases during the phytoplankton growth, secondly to determine biological species directly participating the production of these green house effect gases and thirdly to determine how much dissolved organic materials are produced during the phytoplankton growth, because dissolved organic materials are deeply concerned to carbon dioxide cycle in the surface and subsurface waters.To achieve the aims of this work, mesocosm experiment was conducted in the Patricia Bay, Saanich Inlet, B.C., Canada in July to August, 1994. We obtained following results.1) Dimethlsulfide was markedly produced in daytime during the phytoplankton growth, while methane and nitrous oxide concentration in the sea water of the mesocosm were not much changed. Therefore, following conclusion was reached. Phytoplankton produces dimethylsulfide with closed relation with phytoplankton photosynthesis, while methane and nitrous oxide are produced by another processes than phytoplankton.2) Plant pigment analysis by high performance liquid chromatography indicated that dimethylsulfide was mainly produced by dinoflagellate and primnesiophyte but not diatom.3) Phytoplankton produced large amount of dissolved organic materials consisting of lipid and free and combined amino acids, which were easily degraded by marine microbes to carbon dioxide. These facts are indicating that phytoplankton plays an important role on the carbon cycle in the surface and subsurface waters through carbon dioxide fixation and exudation of organic materials.

它一直对测定海洋环境中的甲烷、一氧化二氮和二氧化碳感兴趣，因为这些气体对全球大气变暖具有广泛的影响。因此，为了弄清这些气体在海洋环境中的产生和去向，人们进行了很多尝试，但到目前为止，这些过程仍然是未知的。这项工作的目的有三个，主要是确定浮游植物生长过程中这些温室效应气体的产生，其次是确定直接参与这些温室效应气体产生的生物物种，第三是确定浮游植物生长过程中产生了多少溶解有机物，因为溶解有机物与表层和次表层水中的二氧化碳循环密切相关。加拿大，1994年7月至8月。结果表明：1)在浮游植物生长过程中，白天有明显的二甲基硫化物生成，而海水中甲烷和一氧化二氮的浓度变化不大。因此，得出如下结论。浮游植物产生二甲基硫化物与浮游植物光合作用密切相关，甲烷和一氧化二氮的产生与浮游植物有不同的过程。2)高效液相色谱分析表明，二甲基硫主要由甲藻和原生植物产生，而不是硅藻。3)浮游植物产生大量含有脂质和游离氨基酸及结合氨基酸的溶解有机物，这些有机物容易被海洋微生物降解为二氧化碳。这些事实表明，浮游植物通过固定二氧化碳和渗出有机物质，在地表和地下水域的碳循环中发挥着重要作用。