Studies on Cyclotron Higher Harmonic Auto-resonant Peniotron

潘尼管和回旋管是产生高功率微波和毫米波的回旋快波管。潘尼管的能量转换效率比回旋管的高，在高回旋谐波以及在回旋基波。在自谐振条件下工作的潘尼管能够将电子束能量完全转换为电磁波，理论效率达到100%。π模在谐振腔中的电磁场分布类似于圆柱波导中TE_<11，1>模的电磁场分布，这使得在不使用超导磁体的情况下实现了10次回旋谐波的潘尼管互作用和100 GHz的工作频率。模拟结果表明，该管在10次谐波处的效率高达40%，实验管在π模谐振腔中通过潘尼管相互作用产生了100 GHz的电磁波，并在103- 110 GHz的频率范围内观察到了9、11、12和13次回旋谐波振荡。所有的振荡，除了在第10次谐波被证实首先产生的潘尼管相互作用在各自的轴向模式的方位角旋转电磁波的磁控管型谐振器。

Peniotron and gyrotron are cyclotron fast wave tubes which produce high power microwave and millimeter electromagnetic wave. Energy conversion efficiency of peniotron is higher at higher cyclotron harmonics as well as at a cyclotron fundamental than that of gyrotron. Peniotron operating at the auto-resonant condition is capable to convert completely an electron beam energy to an electromagnetic wave, that is, the efficiency reaches theoretically 100%.We designed and constructed a 10th cyclotron harmonic auto-resonant peniotron oscillator using a magnetron type waveguide resonator with 22 vanes. The electromagnetic field distribution on pi mode in the resonator is similar to that of TE_<11,1> mode in a cylindrical waveguide, which enable peniotron interaction at 10th cyclotron harmonic and operation at 100GHz without using a super conducting magnet. The simulation result of the tube showed a high efficiency of 40% at the 10th harmonic.The experimental tube generated electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 100GHz at pi mode of the resonator by peniotron interaction.In addition, 9, 11, 12 and 13th cyclotron harmonic oscillations were observed in the tube at the frequencies of 103-110GHz. All of the oscillations except at 10th harmonic were confirmed first to be generated by peniotron interaction at respective axial modes of azimuthally rotating electromagnetic wave in the magnetron type resonator.