Cytokine network regulating the growth of leukemic cells.

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We studied the effects of cytokines on the proliferation of leukemic blast progenitors to explore the indefinite proliferation of leukemia cells in acute myelocytic leukemia patients. Granulocyte- colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and IL-1 stimulated the growth of leukemic blast progenitors in methylcellulose culture. Stem cell factor (SCF) was also effective on leukemic blast progenitors especially with CD 34 phenotype. IL-11 stimulated leukemic blast progenitors in combination with IL-3 in some patients. In contrast, IL-4 induced differentiation of leukemic blast progenitors and suppressed their growth in some patients. D-factor suppressed the growth of leukemic blast progenitors.The above results indicate that the growth of leukemic blast progenitors are regulated by the network of several cytokines. The precise mechanism by which each cytokine affects leukemic cells needs to be clarified in the future work.