Study on residence times of discharge water and on uniforming processes of solute concentration of water in a mountainous forested basin

山地森林盆地排水停留时间及水体溶质浓度均匀过程研究

• 批准号: 03680209
• 负责人: TANAKA Tadashi
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03680209/
• 关键词: Residence time; Tritium; Stable isotope ratio; Mixing model; Homogenization; Riparian zone; Divergent zero flux plane; Convergent zero flux plane; 試験流域; 均質化現象; 土壌水; 地下水; トレーサー; デューテリウム; 酸素-18; 8-ダイヤグラム; 同位体平衡; 完全混合モデル; 水収支; 物質収支

Water residence times and uniforming processes of solute concentration of water in a mountainous forested basin on the central of Japan were investigated using environmental isotopes such as tritium, deuterium and oxygen-18 as tracers. The results of the study are summariezed as follows.1)Residence times estimated from a dispersive flow model of soil water and groundwater were about 4 months and 19 years, respectively.2)Stream water was a mixture of soil water having a short residence time and groundwater having a relatively long residence time. The fraction of groundwater in the stream mixture averaged about 30 % annualy as determined from a simple mixing model.3)Mixing place of soil water and groundwater was at the slope foot and at the valley bottom called the riparian zone where stream lines of both waters concentrated to feeding stream discharge water.4)Stable isotope ratios of soil water below the depth of 1.0 m were relatively uniform comparing with that of above 1.0 m depth, of which values were affected largely depending on values of the input water.5)Above mentioned homogenization of stable isotope ratios of soil water was attributed to the dynamic behavior of soil water such as the development and the disappearance of both divergent and convegent zero flux planes occurred duringe evaporation and infiltration processes.

利用氚、氘和氧-18等环境同位素示踪剂，研究了日本中部山区森林盆地的水停留时间和水溶质浓度的均匀过程。研究结果总结如下：1)土壤水和地下水弥散流模型估算的停留时间分别为4个月和19年左右。2)溪水是土壤水和地下水的混合物，土壤水停留时间短，地下水停留时间较长。根据一个简单的混合模型，地下水在河流混合物中的比例平均每年约为30%。(3)土壤水和地下水的混合地点在坡脚和河谷底部称为河岸带，两种水的水系在这里集中，供给溪流排放水。4) 1.0 m以下土壤水分稳定同位素比值相对于1.0 m以上土壤水分稳定同位素比值较为均匀，其数值受输入水量的影响较大。5)土壤水分稳定同位素比例的上述均一化是由于土壤水分在蒸发和入渗过程中发散型零通量面和收敛型零通量面的发展和消失等动态行为所致。

项目成果

Matsutani,J.Tanaka,T.and Tsujimura,M.: "Residence times of soil,ground,and discharge waters in a mauntainous headwater basin,central Japan,traced by tritium." Int.Asso.Hydral.Sci.Publ.NO.215. 57-65 (1993)

Matsutani, J.Tanaka,T. 和 Tsujimura,M.：“日本中部一个巨大的水源盆地土壤、地面和排放水的停留时间，由氚追踪。”

Matsutani, J., Tanaka, T.and Tsujimura, M.: "Residence times of soil, ground, and discharge waters in a mountainous headwater basin, central Japan, traced by tritium." Int.Asso.Hydrol.Sci.Publ.No.215. 57-65 (1993)

Matsutani, J.、Tanaka, T. 和 Tsujimura, M.：“通过氚追踪日本中部山区源头流域的土壤、地面和排放水的停留时间。”

T.NAKANO,T.TANAKA,M.TSU-JIMURA and J.MATSUTANI: "Strontium isotopes in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum(SPAC)." IAHS Publ.NO.215. 73-79 (1993)

T.NAKANO、T.TANAKA、M.TSU-JIMURA 和 J.MATSUTANI：“土壤-植物-大气连续体 (SPAC) 中的锶同位素。”

Tase, N., Tsujimura, M., Tanaka, T., Kotoda, K.and Taniyama, M.: "Diurnal fluctuations in streamflow of the two small basins." Ann.Rep.Inst.Geosci.Univ.Tsukuba. No.17. 33-35 (1991)

Tase, N.、Tsujimura, M.、Tanaka, T.、Kotoda, K. 和 Taniyama, M.：“两个小盆地径流的日波动。”

Tase,N.,Tsujimura,M.,Tanaka,T.,Kotoda,K.and Taniyama,M.: "Diurnal fluctuations in stream flow of the two small basins." Ann.Rep.Inst.Geosci.Univ.Tsukuba. NO.17. 33-35 (1991)

Tase,N.、Tsujimura,M.、Tanaka,T.、Kotoda,K. 和 Taniyama,M.：“两个小盆地河流流量的日波动。”